WIP

.config/dotnet-tools.json

@@ -3,10 +3,11 @@
   "isRoot": true,
   "tools": {
     "dotnet-ef": {
-      "version": "8.0.3",
+      "version": "10.0.1",
       "commands": [
         "dotnet-ef"
-      ]
+      ],
+      "rollForward": false
     }
   }
 }

.gitignore

@@ -192,7 +192,6 @@ ClientBin/
 *.dbmdl
 *.dbproj.schemaview
 *.jfm
-*.pfx
 *.publishsettings
 orleans.codegen.cs
 

.run/Agent 1.run.xml

@@ -5,8 +5,7 @@
     <option name="WORKING_DIRECTORY" value="$PROJECT_DIR$/.workdir/Agent1" />
     <option name="PASS_PARENT_ENVS" value="1" />
     <envs>
-      <env name="AGENT_KEY" value="JXBQQYG5T267RQS75MXWBTCJZY5CKTCCGQY22MCZPHSQQSJYCHH2NG2TCNXQY6TBSXM9NQDRS2CMX" />
+      <env name="AGENT_KEY_FILE" value="./key" />
-      <env name="AGENT_NAME" value="Agent 1" />
       <env name="ALLOWED_RCON_PORTS" value="25575,27000,27001" />
       <env name="ALLOWED_SERVER_PORTS" value="25565,26000,26001" />
       <env name="CONTROLLER_HOST" value="localhost" />
@@ -14,15 +13,18 @@
       <env name="MAX_INSTANCES" value="3" />
       <env name="MAX_MEMORY" value="12G" />
     </envs>
-    <option name="USE_EXTERNAL_CONSOLE" value="0" />
+    <option name="ENV_FILE_PATHS" value="" />
+    <option name="REDIRECT_INPUT_PATH" value="" />
+    <option name="MIXED_MODE_DEBUG" value="0" />
     <option name="USE_MONO" value="0" />
     <option name="RUNTIME_ARGUMENTS" value="" />
+    <option name="AUTO_ATTACH_CHILDREN" value="0" />
     <option name="PROJECT_PATH" value="$PROJECT_DIR$/Agent/Phantom.Agent/Phantom.Agent.csproj" />
     <option name="PROJECT_EXE_PATH_TRACKING" value="1" />
     <option name="PROJECT_ARGUMENTS_TRACKING" value="1" />
     <option name="PROJECT_WORKING_DIRECTORY_TRACKING" value="0" />
     <option name="PROJECT_KIND" value="DotNetCore" />
-    <option name="PROJECT_TFM" value="net8.0" />
+    <option name="PROJECT_TFM" value="net9.0" />
     <method v="2">
       <option name="Build" />
     </method>

.run/Agent 2.run.xml

@@ -5,8 +5,7 @@
     <option name="WORKING_DIRECTORY" value="$PROJECT_DIR$/.workdir/Agent2" />
     <option name="PASS_PARENT_ENVS" value="1" />
     <envs>
-      <env name="AGENT_KEY" value="JXBQQYG5T267RQS75MXWBTCJZY5CKTCCGQY22MCZPHSQQSJYCHH2NG2TCNXQY6TBSXM9NQDRS2CMX" />
+      <env name="AGENT_KEY_FILE" value="./key" />
-      <env name="AGENT_NAME" value="Agent 2" />
       <env name="ALLOWED_RCON_PORTS" value="27002-27006" />
       <env name="ALLOWED_SERVER_PORTS" value="26002-26006" />
       <env name="CONTROLLER_HOST" value="localhost" />
@@ -14,15 +13,18 @@
       <env name="MAX_INSTANCES" value="5" />
       <env name="MAX_MEMORY" value="10G" />
     </envs>
-    <option name="USE_EXTERNAL_CONSOLE" value="0" />
+    <option name="ENV_FILE_PATHS" value="" />
+    <option name="REDIRECT_INPUT_PATH" value="" />
+    <option name="MIXED_MODE_DEBUG" value="0" />
     <option name="USE_MONO" value="0" />
     <option name="RUNTIME_ARGUMENTS" value="" />
+    <option name="AUTO_ATTACH_CHILDREN" value="0" />
     <option name="PROJECT_PATH" value="$PROJECT_DIR$/Agent/Phantom.Agent/Phantom.Agent.csproj" />
     <option name="PROJECT_EXE_PATH_TRACKING" value="1" />
     <option name="PROJECT_ARGUMENTS_TRACKING" value="1" />
     <option name="PROJECT_WORKING_DIRECTORY_TRACKING" value="0" />
     <option name="PROJECT_KIND" value="DotNetCore" />
-    <option name="PROJECT_TFM" value="net8.0" />
+    <option name="PROJECT_TFM" value="net9.0" />
     <method v="2">
       <option name="Build" />
     </method>

.run/Agent 3.run.xml

@@ -5,8 +5,7 @@
     <option name="WORKING_DIRECTORY" value="$PROJECT_DIR$/.workdir/Agent3" />
     <option name="PASS_PARENT_ENVS" value="1" />
     <envs>
-      <env name="AGENT_KEY" value="JXBQQYG5T267RQS75MXWBTCJZY5CKTCCGQY22MCZPHSQQSJYCHH2NG2TCNXQY6TBSXM9NQDRS2CMX" />
+      <env name="AGENT_KEY_FILE" value="./key" />
-      <env name="AGENT_NAME" value="Agent 3" />
       <env name="ALLOWED_RCON_PORTS" value="27007" />
       <env name="ALLOWED_SERVER_PORTS" value="26007" />
       <env name="CONTROLLER_HOST" value="localhost" />
@@ -14,15 +13,18 @@
       <env name="MAX_INSTANCES" value="1" />
       <env name="MAX_MEMORY" value="2560M" />
     </envs>
-    <option name="USE_EXTERNAL_CONSOLE" value="0" />
+    <option name="ENV_FILE_PATHS" value="" />
+    <option name="REDIRECT_INPUT_PATH" value="" />
+    <option name="MIXED_MODE_DEBUG" value="0" />
     <option name="USE_MONO" value="0" />
     <option name="RUNTIME_ARGUMENTS" value="" />
+    <option name="AUTO_ATTACH_CHILDREN" value="0" />
     <option name="PROJECT_PATH" value="$PROJECT_DIR$/Agent/Phantom.Agent/Phantom.Agent.csproj" />
     <option name="PROJECT_EXE_PATH_TRACKING" value="1" />
     <option name="PROJECT_ARGUMENTS_TRACKING" value="1" />
     <option name="PROJECT_WORKING_DIRECTORY_TRACKING" value="0" />
     <option name="PROJECT_KIND" value="DotNetCore" />
-    <option name="PROJECT_TFM" value="net8.0" />
+    <option name="PROJECT_TFM" value="net9.0" />
     <method v="2">
       <option name="Build" />
     </method>

.run/Controller.run.xml

@@ -14,14 +14,19 @@
       <env name="WEB_RPC_SERVER_HOST" value="localhost" />
     </envs>
     <option name="USE_EXTERNAL_CONSOLE" value="0" />
+    <option name="ENV_FILE_PATHS" value="" />
+    <option name="REDIRECT_INPUT_PATH" value="" />
+    <option name="PTY_MODE" value="Auto" />
     <option name="USE_MONO" value="0" />
     <option name="RUNTIME_ARGUMENTS" value="" />
+    <option name="AUTO_ATTACH_CHILDREN" value="0" />
+    <option name="MIXED_MODE_DEBUG" value="0" />
     <option name="PROJECT_PATH" value="$PROJECT_DIR$/Controller/Phantom.Controller/Phantom.Controller.csproj" />
     <option name="PROJECT_EXE_PATH_TRACKING" value="1" />
     <option name="PROJECT_ARGUMENTS_TRACKING" value="1" />
     <option name="PROJECT_WORKING_DIRECTORY_TRACKING" value="0" />
     <option name="PROJECT_KIND" value="DotNetCore" />
-    <option name="PROJECT_TFM" value="net8.0" />
+    <option name="PROJECT_TFM" value="net9.0" />
     <method v="2">
       <option name="Build" />
     </method>

.run/Web.run.xml

@@ -7,18 +7,21 @@
     <envs>
       <env name="ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT" value="Development" />
       <env name="CONTROLLER_HOST" value="localhost" />
-      <env name="WEB_KEY" value="BMNHM9RRPMCBBY29D9XHS6KBKZSRY7F5XFN27YZX96XXWJC2NM2D6YRHM9PZN9JGQGCSJ6FMB2GGZ" />
+      <env name="WEB_KEY" value="G9WXPDGCGHJD9W9XBPMNYWN6YTK7NKRWHT29P2XKNDCBWKHWXP2YQRFB2GCTKHSWT5CZFDTFKW52TCM9GDRW" />
       <env name="WEB_SERVER_HOST" value="localhost" />
     </envs>
-    <option name="USE_EXTERNAL_CONSOLE" value="0" />
+    <option name="ENV_FILE_PATHS" value="" />
+    <option name="REDIRECT_INPUT_PATH" value="" />
+    <option name="MIXED_MODE_DEBUG" value="0" />
     <option name="USE_MONO" value="0" />
     <option name="RUNTIME_ARGUMENTS" value="" />
+    <option name="AUTO_ATTACH_CHILDREN" value="0" />
     <option name="PROJECT_PATH" value="$PROJECT_DIR$/Web/Phantom.Web/Phantom.Web.csproj" />
     <option name="PROJECT_EXE_PATH_TRACKING" value="1" />
     <option name="PROJECT_ARGUMENTS_TRACKING" value="1" />
     <option name="PROJECT_WORKING_DIRECTORY_TRACKING" value="0" />
     <option name="PROJECT_KIND" value="DotNetCore" />
-    <option name="PROJECT_TFM" value="net8.0" />
+    <option name="PROJECT_TFM" value="net9.0" />
     <method v="2">
       <option name="Build" />
     </method>

.workdir/Controller/secrets/agent.secret

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-<EFBFBD>Z<EFBFBD>t<>MPI<49>GMZ<4D><5A><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>kN<6B>VF1X<><58>p

.workdir/Controller/secrets/web.auth

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+qﾐﾓh4ぴHｦ､7胥<37>H`├W
+ｳ4u`G

.workdir/Controller/secrets/web.key

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-±™h?־<>ֹBx
-<02>

.workdir/Controller/secrets/web.secret

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-TΦ./gϋΏNρ°t<C2B0>$Ν!Β(ƒρ#η~ΖΞ}<14><:

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Tests/Java/JavaPropertiesStreamTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
+using System.Collections.Immutable;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Java;
+using Phantom.Utils.Collections;
+
+namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Tests.Java;
+
+[TestFixture]
+public sealed class JavaPropertiesStreamTests {
+	public sealed class Reader {
+		private static async Task<ImmutableArray<KeyValuePair<string, string>>> Parse(string contents) {
+			using var stream = new MemoryStream(JavaPropertiesStream.Encoding.GetBytes(contents));
+			using var properties = new JavaPropertiesStream.Reader(stream);
+			return await properties.ReadProperties(CancellationToken.None).ToImmutableArrayAsync();
+		}
+		
+		private static ImmutableArray<KeyValuePair<string, string>> KeyValue(string key, string value) {
+			return [new KeyValuePair<string, string>(key, value)];
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase("")]
+		[TestCase("\n")]
+		public async Task EmptyLinesAreIgnored(string contents) {
+			Assert.That(await Parse(contents), Is.EquivalentTo(ImmutableArray<KeyValuePair<string, string>>.Empty));
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase("# Comment")]
+		[TestCase("! Comment")]
+		[TestCase("# Comment\n! Comment")]
+		public async Task CommentsAreIgnored(string contents) {
+			Assert.That(await Parse(contents), Is.EquivalentTo(ImmutableArray<KeyValuePair<string, string>>.Empty));
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase("key=value")]
+		[TestCase("key= value")]
+		[TestCase("key =value")]
+		[TestCase("key = value")]
+		[TestCase("key:value")]
+		[TestCase("key: value")]
+		[TestCase("key :value")]
+		[TestCase("key : value")]
+		[TestCase("key value")]
+		[TestCase("key\tvalue")]
+		[TestCase("key\fvalue")]
+		[TestCase("key \t\fvalue")]
+		public async Task SimpleKeyValue(string contents) {
+			Assert.That(await Parse(contents), Is.EquivalentTo(KeyValue("key", "value")));
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase("key")]
+		[TestCase(" key")]
+		[TestCase(" key ")]
+		[TestCase("key=")]
+		[TestCase("key:")]
+		public async Task KeyWithoutValue(string contents) {
+			Assert.That(await Parse(contents), Is.EquivalentTo(KeyValue("key", "")));
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase(@"\#key=value", "#key")]
+		[TestCase(@"\!key=value", "!key")]
+		public async Task KeyBeginsWithEscapedComment(string contents, string expectedKey) {
+			Assert.That(await Parse(contents), Is.EquivalentTo(KeyValue(expectedKey, "value")));
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase(@"\=key=value", "=key")]
+		[TestCase(@"\:key=value", ":key")]
+		[TestCase(@"\ key=value", " key")]
+		[TestCase("\\\tkey=value", "\tkey")]
+		[TestCase("\\\fkey=value", "\fkey")]
+		public async Task KeyBeginsWithEscapedDelimiter(string contents, string expectedKey) {
+			Assert.That(await Parse(contents), Is.EquivalentTo(KeyValue(expectedKey, "value")));
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase(@"start\=end=value", "start=end")]
+		[TestCase(@"start\:end:value", "start:end")]
+		[TestCase(@"start\ end value", "start end")]
+		[TestCase(@"start\ \:\=end = value", "start :=end")]
+		[TestCase("start\\ \\\t\\\fend = value", "start \t\fend")]
+		public async Task KeyContainsEscapedDelimiter(string contents, string expectedKey) {
+			Assert.That(await Parse(contents), Is.EquivalentTo(KeyValue(expectedKey, "value")));
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase(@"key = \ value", " value")]
+		[TestCase("key = \\\tvalue", "\tvalue")]
+		[TestCase("key = \\\fvalue", "\fvalue")]
+		[TestCase("key=\\ \\\t\\\fvalue", " \t\fvalue")]
+		public async Task ValueBeginsWithEscapedWhitespace(string contents, string expectedValue) {
+			Assert.That(await Parse(contents), Is.EquivalentTo(KeyValue("key", expectedValue)));
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase(@"key = value\", "value")]
+		public async Task ValueEndsWithTrailingBackslash(string contents, string expectedValue) {
+			Assert.That(await Parse(contents), Is.EquivalentTo(KeyValue("key", expectedValue)));
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase("key=\\\0", "\0")]
+		[TestCase(@"key=\\", "\\")]
+		[TestCase(@"key=\t", "\t")]
+		[TestCase(@"key=\n", "\n")]
+		[TestCase(@"key=\r", "\r")]
+		[TestCase(@"key=\f", "\f")]
+		[TestCase(@"key=\u3053\u3093\u306b\u3061\u306f", "こんにちは")]
+		[TestCase(@"key=\u3053\u3093\u306B\u3061\u306F", "こんにちは")]
+		[TestCase("key=\\\0\\\\\\t\\n\\r\\f\\u3053", "\0\\\t\n\r\fこ")]
+		public async Task ValueContainsEscapedSpecialCharacters(string contents, string expectedValue) {
+			Assert.That(await Parse(contents), Is.EquivalentTo(KeyValue("key", expectedValue)));
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase("key=first\\\nsecond", "first\nsecond")]
+		[TestCase("key=first\\\n    second", "first\nsecond")]
+		[TestCase("key=first\\\n#second", "first\n#second")]
+		[TestCase("key=first\\\n!second", "first\n!second")]
+		public async Task ValueContainsNewLine(string contents, string expectedValue) {
+			Assert.That(await Parse(contents), Is.EquivalentTo(KeyValue("key", expectedValue)));
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase("key=first\\\n    \\ second", "first\n second")]
+		[TestCase("key=first\\\n    \\\tsecond", "first\n\tsecond")]
+		[TestCase("key=first\\\n    \\\fsecond", "first\n\fsecond")]
+		[TestCase("key=first\\\n \t\f\\ second", "first\n second")]
+		public async Task ValueContainsNewLineWithEscapedLeadingWhitespace(string contents, string expectedValue) {
+			Assert.That(await Parse(contents), Is.EquivalentTo(KeyValue("key", expectedValue)));
+		}
+		
+		[Test]
+		public async Task ExampleFile() {
+			// From Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.properties
+			const string ExampleFile = """
+			                           # You are reading a comment in ".properties" file.
+			                           ! The exclamation mark ('!') can also be used for comments.
+			                           # Comments are ignored.
+			                           # Blank lines are also ignored.
+			                           
+			                           # Lines with "properties" contain a key and a value separated by a delimiting character.
+			                           # There are 3 delimiting characters: equal ('='), colon (':') and whitespace (' ', '\t' and '\f').
+			                           website = https://en.wikipedia.org/
+			                           language : English
+			                           topic .properties files
+			                           # A word on a line will just create a key with no value.
+			                           empty
+			                           # Whitespace that appears between the key, the delimiter and the value is ignored.
+			                           # This means that the following are equivalent (other than for readability).
+			                           hello=hello
+			                           hello = hello
+			                           # To start the value with whitespace, escape it with a backslash ('\').
+			                           whitespaceStart = \ <-This space is not ignored.
+			                           # Keys with the same name will be overwritten by the key that is the furthest in a file.
+			                           # For example the final value for "duplicateKey" will be "second".
+			                           duplicateKey = first
+			                           duplicateKey = second
+			                           # To use the delimiter characters inside a key, you need to escape them with a ('\').
+			                           # However, there is no need to do this in the value.
+			                           delimiterCharacters\:\=\ = This is the value for the key "delimiterCharacters\:\=\ "
+			                           # Adding a backslash ('\') at the end of a line means that the value continues on the next line.
+			                           multiline = This line \
+			                           continues
+			                           # If you want your value to include a backslash ('\'), it should be escaped by another backslash ('\').
+			                           path = c:\\wiki\\templates
+			                           # This means that if the number of backslashes ('\') at the end of the line is even, the next line is not included in the value. 
+			                           # In the following example, the value for "evenKey" is "This is on one line\".
+			                           evenKey = This is on one line\\
+			                           # This line is a normal comment and is not included in the value for "evenKey".
+			                           # If the number of backslash ('\') is odd, then the next line is included in the value.
+			                           # In the following example, the value for "oddKey" is "This is line one and\# This is line two".
+			                           oddKey = This is line one and\\\
+			                           # This is line two
+			                           # Whitespace characters at the beginning of a line is removed.
+			                           # Make sure to add the spaces you need before the backslash ('\') on the first line. 
+			                           # If you add them at the beginning of the next line, they will be removed.
+			                           # In the following example, the value for "welcome" is "Welcome to Wikipedia!".
+			                           welcome = Welcome to \
+			                                     Wikipedia!
+			                           # If you need to add newlines and carriage returns, they need to be escaped using ('\n') and ('\r') respectively.
+			                           # You can also optionally escape tabs with ('\t') for readability purposes.
+			                           valueWithEscapes = This is a newline\n and a carriage return\r and a tab\t.
+			                           # You can also use Unicode escape characters (maximum of four hexadecimal digits).
+			                           # In the following example, the value for "encodedHelloInJapanese" is "こんにちは".
+			                           encodedHelloInJapanese = \u3053\u3093\u306b\u3061\u306f
+			                           """;
+			
+			ImmutableArray<KeyValuePair<string, string>> result = [
+				new ("website", "https://en.wikipedia.org/"),
+				new ("language", "English"),
+				new ("topic", ".properties files"),
+				new ("empty", ""),
+				new ("hello", "hello"),
+				new ("hello", "hello"),
+				new ("whitespaceStart", @" <-This space is not ignored."),
+				new ("duplicateKey", "first"),
+				new ("duplicateKey", "second"),
+				new ("delimiterCharacters:= ", @"This is the value for the key ""delimiterCharacters:= """),
+				new ("multiline", "This line \ncontinues"),
+				new ("path", @"c:\wiki\templates"),
+				new ("evenKey", @"This is on one line\"),
+				new ("oddKey", "This is line one and\\\n# This is line two"),
+				new ("welcome", "Welcome to \nWikipedia!"),
+				new ("valueWithEscapes", "This is a newline\n and a carriage return\r and a tab\t."),
+				new ("encodedHelloInJapanese", "こんにちは"),
+			];
+			
+			Assert.That(await Parse(ExampleFile), Is.EquivalentTo(result));
+		}
+	}
+	
+	public sealed class Writer {
+		private static async Task<string> Write(Func<JavaPropertiesStream.Writer, Task> write) {
+			using var stream = new MemoryStream();
+			
+			await using (var writer = new JavaPropertiesStream.Writer(stream)) {
+				await write(writer);
+			}
+			
+			return JavaPropertiesStream.Encoding.GetString(stream.ToArray());
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase("one line comment", "# one line comment\n")]
+		[TestCase("こんにちは", "# \\u3053\\u3093\\u306B\\u3061\\u306F\n")]
+		[TestCase("first line\nsecond line\r\nthird line", "# first line\n# second line\n# third line\n")]
+		public async Task Comment(string comment, string contents) {
+			Assert.That(await Write(writer => writer.WriteComment(comment, CancellationToken.None)), Is.EqualTo(contents));
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase("key", "value", "key=value\n")]
+		[TestCase("key", "", "key=\n")]
+		[TestCase("", "value", "=value\n")]
+		public async Task SimpleKeyValue(string key, string value, string contents) {
+			Assert.That(await Write(writer => writer.WriteProperty(key, value, CancellationToken.None)), Is.EqualTo(contents));
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase("#key", "value", "\\#key=value\n")]
+		[TestCase("!key", "value", "\\!key=value\n")]
+		public async Task KeyBeginsWithEscapedComment(string key, string value, string contents) {
+			Assert.That(await Write(writer => writer.WriteProperty(key, value, CancellationToken.None)), Is.EqualTo(contents));
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase("=key", "value", "\\=key=value\n")]
+		[TestCase(":key", "value", "\\:key=value\n")]
+		[TestCase(" key", "value", "\\ key=value\n")]
+		[TestCase("\tkey", "value", "\\tkey=value\n")]
+		[TestCase("\fkey", "value", "\\fkey=value\n")]
+		public async Task KeyBeginsWithEscapedDelimiter(string key, string value, string contents) {
+			Assert.That(await Write(writer => writer.WriteProperty(key, value, CancellationToken.None)), Is.EqualTo(contents));
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase("start=end", "value", "start\\=end=value\n")]
+		[TestCase("start:end", "value", "start\\:end=value\n")]
+		[TestCase("start end", "value", "start\\ end=value\n")]
+		[TestCase("start :=end", "value", "start\\ \\:\\=end=value\n")]
+		[TestCase("start \t\fend", "value", "start\\ \\t\\fend=value\n")]
+		public async Task KeyContainsEscapedDelimiter(string key, string value, string contents) {
+			Assert.That(await Write(writer => writer.WriteProperty(key, value, CancellationToken.None)), Is.EqualTo(contents));
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase("\\", "value", "\\\\=value\n")]
+		[TestCase("\t", "value", "\\t=value\n")]
+		[TestCase("\n", "value", "\\n=value\n")]
+		[TestCase("\r", "value", "\\r=value\n")]
+		[TestCase("\f", "value", "\\f=value\n")]
+		[TestCase("こんにちは", "value", "\\u3053\\u3093\\u306B\\u3061\\u306F=value\n")]
+		[TestCase("\\\t\n\r\fこ", "value", "\\\\\\t\\n\\r\\f\\u3053=value\n")]
+		[TestCase("first-line\nsecond-line\r\nthird-line", "value", "first-line\\nsecond-line\\r\\nthird-line=value\n")]
+		public async Task KeyContainsEscapedSpecialCharacters(string key, string value, string contents) {
+			Assert.That(await Write(writer => writer.WriteProperty(key, value, CancellationToken.None)), Is.EqualTo(contents));
+		}
+		
+		[TestCase("key", "\\", "key=\\\\\n")]
+		[TestCase("key", "\t", "key=\\t\n")]
+		[TestCase("key", "\n", "key=\\n\n")]
+		[TestCase("key", "\r", "key=\\r\n")]
+		[TestCase("key", "\f", "key=\\f\n")]
+		[TestCase("key", "こんにちは", "key=\\u3053\\u3093\\u306B\\u3061\\u306F\n")]
+		[TestCase("key", "\\\t\n\r\fこ", "key=\\\\\\t\\n\\r\\f\\u3053\n")]
+		[TestCase("key", "first line\nsecond line\r\nthird line", "key=first line\\nsecond line\\r\\nthird line\n")]
+		public async Task ValueContainsEscapedSpecialCharacters(string key, string value, string contents) {
+			Assert.That(await Write(writer => writer.WriteProperty(key, value, CancellationToken.None)), Is.EqualTo(contents));
+		}
+		
+		[Test]
+		public async Task ExampleFile() {
+			string contents = await Write(static async writer => {
+				await writer.WriteComment("Comment", CancellationToken.None);
+				await writer.WriteProperty("key", "value", CancellationToken.None);
+				await writer.WriteProperty("multiline", "first line\nsecond line", CancellationToken.None);
+			});
+			
+			Assert.That(contents, Is.EqualTo("# Comment\nkey=value\nmultiline=first line\\nsecond line\n"));
+		}
+	}
+}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Tests/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Tests.csproj

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+  
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
+    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <IsPackable>false</IsPackable>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+  
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" />
+    <PackageReference Include="NUnit" />
+    <PackageReference Include="NUnit3TestAdapter" />
+    <PackageReference Include="NUnit.Analyzers" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Phantom.Agent.Minecraft\Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.csproj" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+</Project>

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Instance/InstanceProperties.cs

@@ -1,17 +1,6 @@
-using System.Collections.Immutable;
+namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Instance;
-using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Java;
-using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Properties;
-using Phantom.Common.Data.Instance;
-
-namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Instance;
 
 public sealed record InstanceProperties(
 	Guid InstanceGuid,
-	Guid JavaRuntimeGuid,
+	string InstanceFolder
-	JvmProperties JvmProperties,
-	ImmutableArray<string> JvmArguments,
-	string InstanceFolder,
-	string ServerVersion,
-	ServerProperties ServerProperties,
-	InstanceLaunchProperties LaunchProperties
 );

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Java/JavaPropertiesFileEditor.cs

@@ -1,92 +1,58 @@
-using System.Text;
+namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Java;
-using Kajabity.Tools.Java;
-
-namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Java;
 
 sealed class JavaPropertiesFileEditor {
-	private static readonly Encoding Encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("ISO-8859-1");
-
 	private readonly Dictionary<string, string> overriddenProperties = new ();
 	
 	public void Set(string key, string value) {
 		overriddenProperties[key] = value;
 	}
 	
-	public async Task EditOrCreate(string filePath) {
+	public void SetAll(IDictionary<string, string> values) {
+		foreach ((string key, string value) in values) {
+			Set(key, value);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	public async Task EditOrCreate(string filePath, string comment, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
 		if (File.Exists(filePath)) {
 			string tmpFilePath = filePath + ".tmp";
-			File.Copy(filePath, tmpFilePath, overwrite: true);
+			await Edit(filePath, tmpFilePath, comment, cancellationToken);
-			await EditFromCopyOrCreate(filePath, tmpFilePath);
 			File.Move(tmpFilePath, filePath, overwrite: true);
 		}
 		else {
-			await EditFromCopyOrCreate(null, filePath);
+			await Create(filePath, comment, cancellationToken);
 		}
 	}
 	
-	private async Task EditFromCopyOrCreate(string? sourceFilePath, string targetFilePath) {
+	private async Task Create(string targetFilePath, string comment, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
-		var properties = new JavaProperties();
+		await using var targetWriter = new JavaPropertiesStream.Writer(targetFilePath);
 		
-		if (sourceFilePath != null) {
+		await targetWriter.WriteComment(comment, cancellationToken);
-			// TODO replace with custom async parser
-			await using var sourceStream = new FileStream(sourceFilePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read);
-			properties.Load(sourceStream, Encoding);
-		}
 		
-		foreach (var (key, value) in overriddenProperties) {
+		foreach ((string key, string value) in overriddenProperties) {
-			properties[key] = value;
+			await targetWriter.WriteProperty(key, value, cancellationToken);
-		}
-
-		await using var targetStream = new FileStream(targetFilePath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.Read);
-		await using var targetWriter = new StreamWriter(targetStream, Encoding);
-
-		await targetWriter.WriteLineAsync("# Properties");
-
-		foreach (var (key, value) in properties) {
-			await WriteProperty(targetWriter, key, value);
 		}
 	}
 	
-	private static async Task WriteProperty(StreamWriter writer, string key, string value) {
+	private async Task Edit(string sourceFilePath, string targetFilePath, string comment, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
-		await WritePropertyComponent(writer, key, escapeSpaces: true);
+		using var sourceReader = new JavaPropertiesStream.Reader(sourceFilePath);
-		await writer.WriteAsync('=');
+		await using var targetWriter = new JavaPropertiesStream.Writer(targetFilePath);
-		await WritePropertyComponent(writer, value, escapeSpaces: false);
+		
-		await writer.WriteLineAsync();
+		await targetWriter.WriteComment(comment, cancellationToken);
+		
+		var remainingOverriddenPropertyKeys = new HashSet<string>(overriddenProperties.Keys);
+		
+		await foreach ((string key, string value) in sourceReader.ReadProperties(cancellationToken)) {
+			if (remainingOverriddenPropertyKeys.Remove(key)) {
+				await targetWriter.WriteProperty(key, overriddenProperties[key], cancellationToken);
+			}
+			else {
+				await targetWriter.WriteProperty(key, value, cancellationToken);
+			}
 		}
 		
-	private static async Task WritePropertyComponent(TextWriter writer, string component, bool escapeSpaces) {
+		foreach (string key in remainingOverriddenPropertyKeys) {
-		for (int index = 0; index < component.Length; index++) {
+			await targetWriter.WriteProperty(key, overriddenProperties[key], cancellationToken);
-			var c = component[index];
-			switch (c) {
-				case '\\':
-				case '#':
-				case '!':
-				case '=':
-				case ':':
-				case ' ' when escapeSpaces || index == 0:
-					await writer.WriteAsync('\\');
-					await writer.WriteAsync(c);
-					break;
-				case var _ when c > 31 && c < 127:
-					await writer.WriteAsync(c);
-					break;
-				case '\t':
-					await writer.WriteAsync("\\t");
-					break;
-				case '\n':
-					await writer.WriteAsync("\\n");
-					break;
-				case '\r':
-					await writer.WriteAsync("\\r");
-					break;
-				case '\f':
-					await writer.WriteAsync("\\f");
-					break;
-				default:
-					await writer.WriteAsync("\\u");
-					await writer.WriteAsync(((int) c).ToString("X4"));
-					break;
-			}
 		}
 	}
 }

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Java/JavaPropertiesStream.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+using System.Buffers;
+using System.Globalization;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using System.Text;
+using Phantom.Utils.Collections;
+
+namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Java;
+
+static class JavaPropertiesStream {
+	internal static readonly Encoding Encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("ISO-8859-1");
+	
+	private static FileStreamOptions CreateFileStreamOptions(FileMode mode, FileAccess access) {
+		return new FileStreamOptions {
+			Mode = mode,
+			Access = access,
+			Share = FileShare.Read,
+			Options = FileOptions.SequentialScan,
+		};
+	}
+	
+	internal sealed class Reader : IDisposable {
+		private static readonly SearchValues<char> LineStartWhitespace = SearchValues.Create(' ', '\t', '\f');
+		private static readonly SearchValues<char> KeyValueDelimiter = SearchValues.Create('=', ':', ' ', '\t', '\f');
+		private static readonly SearchValues<char> Backslash = SearchValues.Create('\\');
+		
+		private readonly StreamReader reader;
+		
+		public Reader(Stream stream) {
+			this.reader = new StreamReader(stream, Encoding, leaveOpen: false);
+		}
+		
+		public Reader(string path) {
+			this.reader = new StreamReader(path, Encoding, detectEncodingFromByteOrderMarks: false, CreateFileStreamOptions(FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read));
+		}
+		
+		public async IAsyncEnumerable<KeyValuePair<string, string>> ReadProperties([EnumeratorCancellation] CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+			await foreach (string line in ReadLogicalLines(cancellationToken)) {
+				yield return ParseLine(line.AsSpan());
+			}
+		}
+		
+		private async IAsyncEnumerable<string> ReadLogicalLines([EnumeratorCancellation] CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+			StringBuilder nextLogicalLine = new StringBuilder();
+			
+			while (await reader.ReadLineAsync(cancellationToken) is {} line) {
+				var span = line.AsSpan();
+				int startIndex = span.IndexOfAnyExcept(LineStartWhitespace);
+				if (startIndex == -1) {
+					continue;
+				}
+				
+				if (nextLogicalLine.Length == 0 && (span[0] == '#' || span[0] == '!')) {
+					continue;
+				}
+				
+				span = span[startIndex..];
+				
+				if (IsEndEscaped(span)) {
+					nextLogicalLine.Append(span[..^1]);
+					nextLogicalLine.Append('\n');
+				}
+				else {
+					nextLogicalLine.Append(span);
+					yield return nextLogicalLine.ToString();
+					nextLogicalLine.Clear();
+				}
+			}
+			
+			if (nextLogicalLine.Length > 0) {
+				yield return nextLogicalLine.ToString(startIndex: 0, nextLogicalLine.Length - 1); // Remove trailing new line.
+			}
+		}
+		
+		private static KeyValuePair<string, string> ParseLine(ReadOnlySpan<char> line) {
+			int delimiterIndex = -1;
+			
+			foreach (int candidateIndex in line.IndicesOf(KeyValueDelimiter)) {
+				if (candidateIndex == 0 || !IsEndEscaped(line[..candidateIndex])) {
+					delimiterIndex = candidateIndex;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+			
+			if (delimiterIndex == -1) {
+				return new KeyValuePair<string, string>(line.ToString(), string.Empty);
+			}
+			
+			string key = ReadPropertyComponent(line[..delimiterIndex]);
+			
+			line = line[(delimiterIndex + 1)..];
+			int valueStartIndex = line.IndexOfAnyExcept(KeyValueDelimiter);
+			string value = valueStartIndex == -1 ? string.Empty : ReadPropertyComponent(line[valueStartIndex..]);
+			
+			return new KeyValuePair<string, string>(key, value);
+		}
+		
+		private static string ReadPropertyComponent(ReadOnlySpan<char> component) {
+			StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
+			int nextStartIndex = 0;
+			
+			foreach (int backslashIndex in component.IndicesOf(Backslash)) {
+				if (backslashIndex == component.Length - 1) {
+					break;
+				}
+				
+				if (backslashIndex < nextStartIndex) {
+					continue;
+				}
+				
+				builder.Append(component[nextStartIndex..backslashIndex]);
+				
+				int escapedIndex = backslashIndex + 1;
+				int escapedLength = 1;
+				
+				char c = component[escapedIndex];
+				switch (c) {
+					case 't':
+						builder.Append('\t');
+						break;
+					
+					case 'n':
+						builder.Append('\n');
+						break;
+					
+					case 'r':
+						builder.Append('\r');
+						break;
+					
+					case 'f':
+						builder.Append('\f');
+						break;
+					
+					case 'u':
+						escapedLength += 4;
+						
+						int hexRangeStart = escapedIndex + 1;
+						int hexRangeEnd = hexRangeStart + 4;
+						
+						if (hexRangeEnd - 1 < component.Length) {
+							var hexString = component[hexRangeStart..hexRangeEnd];
+							int hexValue = int.Parse(hexString, NumberStyles.HexNumber);
+							builder.Append((char) hexValue);
+						}
+						else {
+							throw new FormatException("Malformed \\uxxxx encoding.");
+						}
+						
+						break;
+					
+					default:
+						builder.Append(c);
+						break;
+				}
+				
+				nextStartIndex = escapedIndex + escapedLength;
+			}
+			
+			builder.Append(component[nextStartIndex..]);
+			return builder.ToString();
+		}
+		
+		private static bool IsEndEscaped(ReadOnlySpan<char> span) {
+			if (span.EndsWith('\\')) {
+				int trailingBackslashCount = span.Length - span.TrimEnd('\\').Length;
+				return trailingBackslashCount % 2 == 1;
+			}
+			else {
+				return false;
+			}
+		}
+		
+		public void Dispose() {
+			reader.Dispose();
+		}
+	}
+	
+	internal sealed class Writer : IAsyncDisposable {
+		private const string CommentStart = "# ";
+		
+		private readonly StreamWriter writer;
+		private readonly Memory<char> oneCharBuffer = new char[1];
+		
+		public Writer(Stream stream) {
+			this.writer = new StreamWriter(stream, Encoding, leaveOpen: false);
+		}
+		
+		public Writer(string path) {
+			this.writer = new StreamWriter(path, Encoding, CreateFileStreamOptions(FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write));
+		}
+		
+		public async Task WriteComment(string comment, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+			await Write(CommentStart, cancellationToken);
+			
+			for (int index = 0; index < comment.Length; index++) {
+				char c = comment[index];
+				switch (c) {
+					case var _ when c > 31 && c < 127:
+						await Write(c, cancellationToken);
+						break;
+					
+					case '\n':
+					case '\r':
+						await Write(c: '\n', cancellationToken);
+						await Write(CommentStart, cancellationToken);
+						
+						if (index < comment.Length - 1 && comment[index + 1] == '\n') {
+							index++;
+						}
+						
+						break;
+					
+					default:
+						await Write("\\u", cancellationToken);
+						await Write(((int) c).ToString("X4"), cancellationToken);
+						break;
+				}
+			}
+			
+			await Write(c: '\n', cancellationToken);
+		}
+		
+		public async Task WriteProperty(string key, string value, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+			await WritePropertyComponent(key, escapeSpaces: true, cancellationToken);
+			await Write(c: '=', cancellationToken);
+			await WritePropertyComponent(value, escapeSpaces: false, cancellationToken);
+			await Write(c: '\n', cancellationToken);
+		}
+		
+		private async Task WritePropertyComponent(string component, bool escapeSpaces, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+			for (int index = 0; index < component.Length; index++) {
+				char c = component[index];
+				switch (c) {
+					case '\\':
+					case '#':
+					case '!':
+					case '=':
+					case ':':
+					case ' ' when escapeSpaces || index == 0:
+						await Write(c: '\\', cancellationToken);
+						await Write(c, cancellationToken);
+						break;
+					
+					case var _ when c > 31 && c < 127:
+						await Write(c, cancellationToken);
+						break;
+					
+					case '\t':
+						await Write("\\t", cancellationToken);
+						break;
+					
+					case '\n':
+						await Write("\\n", cancellationToken);
+						break;
+					
+					case '\r':
+						await Write("\\r", cancellationToken);
+						break;
+					
+					case '\f':
+						await Write("\\f", cancellationToken);
+						break;
+					
+					default:
+						await Write("\\u", cancellationToken);
+						await Write(((int) c).ToString("X4"), cancellationToken);
+						break;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		
+		private Task Write(char c, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+			oneCharBuffer.Span[0] = c;
+			return writer.WriteAsync(oneCharBuffer, cancellationToken);
+		}
+		
+		private Task Write(string value, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+			return writer.WriteAsync(value.AsMemory(), cancellationToken);
+		}
+		
+		public async ValueTask DisposeAsync() {
+			await writer.DisposeAsync();
+		}
+	}
+}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Java/JavaRuntimeDiscovery.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 using Phantom.Common.Data.Java;
+using Phantom.Utils.Collections;
 using Phantom.Utils.IO;
 using Phantom.Utils.Logging;
 using Serilog;
@@ -19,13 +21,14 @@ public sealed class JavaRuntimeDiscovery {
 		return null;
 	}
 	
-	public static IAsyncEnumerable<JavaRuntimeExecutable> Scan(string folderPath) {
+	public static async Task<JavaRuntimeRepository> Scan(string folderPath, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
-		return new JavaRuntimeDiscovery().ScanInternal(folderPath);
+		var runtimes = await new JavaRuntimeDiscovery().ScanInternal(folderPath, cancellationToken).ToImmutableArrayAsync(cancellationToken);
+		return new JavaRuntimeRepository(runtimes);
 	}
 	
 	private readonly Dictionary<string, int> duplicateDisplayNames = new ();
 	
-	private async IAsyncEnumerable<JavaRuntimeExecutable> ScanInternal(string folderPath) {
+	private async IAsyncEnumerable<JavaRuntimeExecutable> ScanInternal(string folderPath, [EnumeratorCancellation] CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
 		Logger.Information("Starting Java runtime scan in: {FolderPath}", folderPath);
 		
 		string javaExecutableName = OperatingSystem.IsWindows() ? "java.exe" : "java";
@@ -35,8 +38,10 @@ public sealed class JavaRuntimeDiscovery {
 			RecurseSubdirectories = true,
 			ReturnSpecialDirectories = false,
 			IgnoreInaccessible = true,
-			AttributesToSkip = FileAttributes.Hidden | FileAttributes.ReparsePoint | FileAttributes.System
+			AttributesToSkip = FileAttributes.Hidden | FileAttributes.ReparsePoint | FileAttributes.System,
 		}).Order()) {
+			cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
+			
 			var javaExecutablePath = Paths.NormalizeSlashes(Path.Combine(binFolderPath, javaExecutableName));
 			
 			FileAttributes javaExecutableAttributes;
@@ -54,7 +59,7 @@ public sealed class JavaRuntimeDiscovery {
 			
 			JavaRuntime? foundRuntime;
 			try {
-				foundRuntime = await TryReadJavaRuntimeInformationFromProcess(javaExecutablePath);
+				foundRuntime = await TryReadJavaRuntimeInformationFromProcess(javaExecutablePath, cancellationToken);
 			} catch (OperationCanceledException) {
 				Logger.Error("Java process did not exit in time.");
 				continue;
@@ -73,7 +78,7 @@ public sealed class JavaRuntimeDiscovery {
 		}
 	}
 	
-	private async Task<JavaRuntime?> TryReadJavaRuntimeInformationFromProcess(string javaExecutablePath) {
+	private async Task<JavaRuntime?> TryReadJavaRuntimeInformationFromProcess(string javaExecutablePath, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
 		var startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo {
 			FileName = javaExecutablePath,
 			WorkingDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(javaExecutablePath),
@@ -81,18 +86,19 @@ public sealed class JavaRuntimeDiscovery {
 			RedirectStandardInput = false,
 			RedirectStandardOutput = false,
 			RedirectStandardError = true,
-			UseShellExecute = false
+			UseShellExecute = false,
 		};
 		
-		var process = new Process { StartInfo = startInfo };
+		using var timeoutCancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
-		var cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
+		using var combinedCancellationTokenSource = CancellationTokenSource.CreateLinkedTokenSource(timeoutCancellationTokenSource.Token, cancellationToken);
 		
-		try {
+		using var process = new Process();
+		process.StartInfo = startInfo;
 		process.Start();
 		
 		JavaRuntimeBuilder runtimeBuilder = new ();
 		
-			while (await process.StandardError.ReadLineAsync(cancellationTokenSource.Token) is {} line) {
+		while (await process.StandardError.ReadLineAsync(combinedCancellationTokenSource.Token) is {} line) {
 			ExtractJavaVersionPropertiesFromLine(line, runtimeBuilder);
 			
 			JavaRuntime? runtime = runtimeBuilder.TryBuild(duplicateDisplayNames);
@@ -101,12 +107,8 @@ public sealed class JavaRuntimeDiscovery {
 			}
 		}
 		
-			await process.WaitForExitAsync(cancellationTokenSource.Token);
+		await process.WaitForExitAsync(combinedCancellationTokenSource.Token);
 		return null;
-		} finally {
-			process.Dispose();
-			cancellationTokenSource.Dispose();
-		}
 	}
 	
 	private static void ExtractJavaVersionPropertiesFromLine(ReadOnlySpan<char> line, JavaRuntimeBuilder runtimeBuilder) {

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Java/JavaRuntimeExecutable.cs

@@ -2,12 +2,4 @@
 
 namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Java;
 
-public sealed class JavaRuntimeExecutable {
+public sealed record JavaRuntimeExecutable(string ExecutablePath, JavaRuntime Runtime);
-	internal string ExecutablePath { get; }
-	internal JavaRuntime Runtime { get; }
-
-	internal JavaRuntimeExecutable(string executablePath, JavaRuntime runtime) {
-		this.ExecutablePath = executablePath;
-		this.Runtime = runtime;
-	}
-}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Java/JavaRuntimeRepository.cs

@@ -6,41 +6,27 @@ using Phantom.Utils.Cryptography;
 namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Java;
 
 public sealed class JavaRuntimeRepository {
-	private readonly Dictionary<string, Guid> guidsByPath = new ();
+	private readonly ImmutableDictionary<Guid, JavaRuntimeExecutable> runtimesByGuid;
-	private readonly Dictionary<Guid, JavaRuntimeExecutable> runtimesByGuid = new ();
+	
-	private readonly ReaderWriterLockSlim rwLock = new (LockRecursionPolicy.NoRecursion);
+	internal JavaRuntimeRepository(ImmutableArray<JavaRuntimeExecutable> runtimes) {
+		var runtimesByGuidBuilder = ImmutableDictionary.CreateBuilder<Guid, JavaRuntimeExecutable>();
+		
+		foreach (JavaRuntimeExecutable runtime in runtimes) {
+			runtimesByGuidBuilder.Add(GenerateStableGuid(runtime.ExecutablePath), runtime);
+		}
+		
+		runtimesByGuid = runtimesByGuidBuilder.ToImmutable();
+	}
 	
 	public ImmutableArray<TaggedJavaRuntime> All {
-		get {
+		[SuppressMessage("ReSharper", "UseCollectionExpression")]
-			rwLock.EnterReadLock();
+		get => runtimesByGuid.Select(static kvp => new TaggedJavaRuntime(kvp.Key, kvp.Value.Runtime))
-			try {
+		                     .OrderBy(static taggedRuntime => taggedRuntime.Runtime)
-				return runtimesByGuid.Select(static kvp => new TaggedJavaRuntime(kvp.Key, kvp.Value.Runtime)).OrderBy(static taggedRuntime => taggedRuntime.Runtime).ToImmutableArray();
+		                     .ToImmutableArray();
-			} finally {
-				rwLock.ExitReadLock();
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	public void Include(JavaRuntimeExecutable runtime) {
-		rwLock.EnterWriteLock();
-		try {
-			if (!guidsByPath.TryGetValue(runtime.ExecutablePath, out var guid)) {
-				guidsByPath[runtime.ExecutablePath] = guid = GenerateStableGuid(runtime.ExecutablePath);
-			}
-
-			runtimesByGuid[guid] = runtime;
-		} finally {
-			rwLock.ExitWriteLock();
-		}
 	}
 	
 	public bool TryGetByGuid(Guid guid, [MaybeNullWhen(false)] out JavaRuntimeExecutable runtime) {
-		rwLock.EnterReadLock();
-		try {
 		return runtimesByGuid.TryGetValue(guid, out runtime);
-		} finally {
-			rwLock.ExitReadLock();
-		}
 	}
 	
 	private static Guid GenerateStableGuid(string executablePath) {

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Java/JvmArgumentBuilder.cs

@@ -2,13 +2,8 @@
 
 namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Java;
 
-sealed class JvmArgumentBuilder {
+sealed class JvmArgumentBuilder(JvmProperties basicProperties) {
-	private readonly JvmProperties basicProperties;
+	private readonly List<string> customArguments = [];
-	private readonly List<string> customArguments = new ();
-
-	public JvmArgumentBuilder(JvmProperties basicProperties) {
-		this.basicProperties = basicProperties;
-	}
 	
 	public void Add(string argument) {
 		customArguments.Add(argument);

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Launcher/BaseLauncher.cs

@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
-using System.Text;
-using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Instance;
-using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Java;
-using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Server;
-using Phantom.Utils.Processes;
-using Serilog;
-
-namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Launcher;
-
-public abstract class BaseLauncher : IServerLauncher {
-	private readonly InstanceProperties instanceProperties;
-
-	protected string MinecraftVersion => instanceProperties.ServerVersion;
-
-	private protected BaseLauncher(InstanceProperties instanceProperties) {
-		this.instanceProperties = instanceProperties;
-	}
-
-	public async Task<LaunchResult> Launch(ILogger logger, LaunchServices services, EventHandler<DownloadProgressEventArgs> downloadProgressEventHandler, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
-		if (!services.JavaRuntimeRepository.TryGetByGuid(instanceProperties.JavaRuntimeGuid, out var javaRuntimeExecutable)) {
-			return new LaunchResult.InvalidJavaRuntime();
-		}
-
-		var vanillaServerJarPath = await services.ServerExecutables.DownloadAndGetPath(instanceProperties.LaunchProperties.ServerDownloadInfo, MinecraftVersion, downloadProgressEventHandler, cancellationToken);
-		if (vanillaServerJarPath == null) {
-			return new LaunchResult.CouldNotDownloadMinecraftServer();
-		}
-
-		ServerJarInfo? serverJar;
-		try {
-			serverJar = await PrepareServerJar(logger, vanillaServerJarPath, cancellationToken);
-		} catch (OperationCanceledException) {
-			throw;
-		} catch (Exception e) {
-			logger.Error(e, "Caught exception while preparing the server jar.");
-			return new LaunchResult.CouldNotPrepareMinecraftServerLauncher();
-		}
-
-		if (!File.Exists(serverJar.FilePath)) {
-			logger.Error("Missing prepared server or launcher jar: {FilePath}", serverJar.FilePath);
-			return new LaunchResult.CouldNotPrepareMinecraftServerLauncher();
-		}
-
-		try {
-			await AcceptEula(instanceProperties);
-			await UpdateServerProperties(instanceProperties);
-		} catch (Exception e) {
-			logger.Error(e, "Caught exception while configuring the server.");
-			return new LaunchResult.CouldNotConfigureMinecraftServer();
-		}
-		
-		var processConfigurator = new ProcessConfigurator {
-			FileName = javaRuntimeExecutable.ExecutablePath,
-			WorkingDirectory = instanceProperties.InstanceFolder,
-			RedirectInput = true,
-			UseShellExecute = false
-		};
-		
-		var processArguments = processConfigurator.ArgumentList;
-		PrepareJvmArguments(serverJar).Build(processArguments);
-		processArguments.Add("-jar");
-		processArguments.Add(serverJar.FilePath);
-		processArguments.Add("nogui");
-
-		var process = processConfigurator.CreateProcess();
-		var instanceProcess = new InstanceProcess(instanceProperties, process);
-
-		try {
-			process.Start();
-		} catch (Exception launchException) {
-			logger.Error(launchException, "Caught exception launching the server process.");
-			
-			try {
-				process.Kill();
-			} catch (Exception killException) {
-				logger.Error(killException, "Caught exception trying to kill the server process after a failed launch.");
-			}
-
-			return new LaunchResult.CouldNotStartMinecraftServer();
-		}
-
-		return new LaunchResult.Success(instanceProcess);
-	}
-
-	private JvmArgumentBuilder PrepareJvmArguments(ServerJarInfo serverJar) {
-		var builder = new JvmArgumentBuilder(instanceProperties.JvmProperties);
-
-		foreach (string argument in instanceProperties.JvmArguments) {
-			builder.Add(argument);
-		}
-
-		foreach (var argument in serverJar.ExtraArgs) {
-			builder.Add(argument);
-		}
-
-		CustomizeJvmArguments(builder);
-		return builder;
-	}
-
-	private protected virtual void CustomizeJvmArguments(JvmArgumentBuilder arguments) {}
-
-	private protected virtual Task<ServerJarInfo> PrepareServerJar(ILogger logger, string serverJarPath, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
-		return Task.FromResult(new ServerJarInfo(serverJarPath));
-	}
-
-	private static async Task AcceptEula(InstanceProperties instanceProperties) {
-		var eulaFilePath = Path.Combine(instanceProperties.InstanceFolder, "eula.txt");
-		await File.WriteAllLinesAsync(eulaFilePath, new [] { "# EULA", "eula=true" }, Encoding.UTF8);
-	}
-
-	private static async Task UpdateServerProperties(InstanceProperties instanceProperties) {
-		var serverPropertiesEditor = new JavaPropertiesFileEditor();
-		instanceProperties.ServerProperties.SetTo(serverPropertiesEditor);
-		await serverPropertiesEditor.EditOrCreate(Path.Combine(instanceProperties.InstanceFolder, "server.properties"));
-	}
-}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Launcher/IServerLauncher.cs

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Server;
-using Serilog;
-
-namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Launcher;
-
-public interface IServerLauncher {
-	Task<LaunchResult> Launch(ILogger logger, LaunchServices services, EventHandler<DownloadProgressEventArgs> downloadProgressEventHandler, CancellationToken cancellationToken);
-}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Launcher/InstanceLauncher.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+using System.Collections.Immutable;
+using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Instance;
+using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Java;
+using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Server;
+using Phantom.Common.Data.Instance;
+using Phantom.Common.Data.Instance.Launch;
+using Phantom.Common.Data.Minecraft;
+using Phantom.Utils.Processes;
+using Serilog;
+
+namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Launcher;
+
+public sealed class InstanceLauncher(
+	FileDownloadManager downloadManager,
+	IInstancePathResolver pathResolver,
+	IInstanceValueResolver valueResolver,
+	InstanceProperties instanceProperties,
+	InstanceLaunchRecipe launchRecipe
+) {
+	public async Task<LaunchResult> Launch(ILogger logger, Action<IInstanceStatus?> reportStatus, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+		string? executablePath = launchRecipe.Executable.Resolve(pathResolver);
+		if (executablePath == null) {
+			logger.Error("Could not resolve server executable: {Path}", launchRecipe.Executable);
+			return new LaunchResult.CouldNotFindServerExecutable();
+		}
+		
+		var stepVisitor = new StepExecutor(downloadManager, pathResolver, reportStatus, cancellationToken);
+		var steps = launchRecipe.Preparation;
+		
+		for (int stepIndex = 0; stepIndex < steps.Length; stepIndex++) {
+			var step = steps[stepIndex];
+			try {
+				await step.Run(stepVisitor);
+			} catch (Exception e) {
+				logger.Error(e, "Failed preparation step {StepIndex} out of {StepCount}: {Step}", stepIndex, steps.Length, step);
+				return new LaunchResult.CouldNotPrepareServerInstance();
+			}
+		}
+		
+		var processConfigurator = new ProcessConfigurator {
+			FileName = executablePath,
+			WorkingDirectory = instanceProperties.InstanceFolder,
+			RedirectInput = true,
+			UseShellExecute = false,
+		};
+		
+		var processArguments = processConfigurator.ArgumentList;
+		
+		foreach (var value in launchRecipe.Arguments) {
+			if (value.Resolve(valueResolver) is {} resolved) {
+				processArguments.Add(resolved);
+			}
+			else {
+				logger.Error("Could not resolve server executable argument: {Value}", value);
+				return new LaunchResult.CouldNotPrepareServerInstance();
+			}
+		}
+		
+		var process = processConfigurator.CreateProcess();
+		var instanceProcess = new InstanceProcess(instanceProperties, process);
+		
+		try {
+			process.Start();
+		} catch (Exception launchException) {
+			logger.Error(launchException, "Caught exception launching the server process.");
+			
+			try {
+				process.Kill();
+			} catch (Exception killException) {
+				logger.Error(killException, "Caught exception trying to kill the server process after a failed launch.");
+			}
+			
+			return new LaunchResult.CouldNotStartServerExecutable();
+		}
+		
+		return new LaunchResult.Success(instanceProcess);
+	}
+	
+	private sealed class StepExecutor(FileDownloadManager downloadManager, IInstancePathResolver pathResolver, Action<IInstanceStatus?> reportStatus, CancellationToken cancellationToken) : IInstanceLaunchStepExecutor {
+		public async Task DownloadFile(FileDownloadInfo downloadInfo, IInstancePath path) {
+			string? filePath = path.Resolve(pathResolver);
+			if (filePath == null) {
+				throw new FileNotFoundException("Could not resolve path");
+			}
+			
+			byte? lastDownloadProgress = null;
+			
+			void OnDownloadProgress(object? sender, DownloadProgressEventArgs args) {
+				byte? progress = args.TotalBytes is not {} totalBytes ? null : (byte) Math.Min(args.DownloadedBytes * 100 / totalBytes, val2: 100);
+				
+				if (lastDownloadProgress != progress) {
+					lastDownloadProgress = progress;
+					reportStatus(InstanceStatus.Downloading(progress));
+				}
+			}
+			
+			if (await downloadManager.DownloadAndGetPath(downloadInfo, filePath, OnDownloadProgress, cancellationToken) == null) {
+				throw new FileNotFoundException("Could not download file");
+			}
+			
+			reportStatus(null);
+		}
+		
+		public async Task EditPropertiesFile(InstancePath.Local path, string comment, ImmutableDictionary<string, string> newValues) {
+			string? filePath = path.Resolve(pathResolver);
+			if (filePath == null) {
+				throw new FileNotFoundException("Could not resolve path");
+			}
+			
+			var editor = new JavaPropertiesFileEditor();
+			editor.SetAll(newValues);
+			await editor.EditOrCreate(filePath, comment, cancellationToken);
+		}
+	}
+}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Launcher/LaunchResult.cs

@@ -7,13 +7,9 @@ public abstract record LaunchResult {
 	
 	public sealed record Success(InstanceProcess Process) : LaunchResult;
 	
-	public sealed record InvalidJavaRuntime : LaunchResult;
+	public sealed record CouldNotPrepareServerInstance : LaunchResult;
 	
-	public sealed record CouldNotDownloadMinecraftServer : LaunchResult;
+	public sealed record CouldNotFindServerExecutable : LaunchResult;
 	
-	public sealed record CouldNotPrepareMinecraftServerLauncher : LaunchResult;
+	public sealed record CouldNotStartServerExecutable : LaunchResult;
-	
-	public sealed record CouldNotConfigureMinecraftServer : LaunchResult;
-	
-	public sealed record CouldNotStartMinecraftServer : LaunchResult;
 }

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Launcher/LaunchServices.cs

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Java;
-using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Server;
-
-namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Launcher;
-
-public sealed record LaunchServices(MinecraftServerExecutables ServerExecutables, JavaRuntimeRepository JavaRuntimeRepository);

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Launcher/Types/FabricLauncher.cs

@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-using System.Collections.Immutable;
-using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Instance;
-using Phantom.Utils.IO;
-using Serilog;
-
-namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Launcher.Types;
-
-public sealed class FabricLauncher : BaseLauncher {
-	public FabricLauncher(InstanceProperties instanceProperties) : base(instanceProperties) {}
-	
-	private protected override async Task<ServerJarInfo> PrepareServerJar(ILogger logger, string serverJarPath, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
-		var serverJarParentFolderPath = Directory.GetParent(serverJarPath);
-		if (serverJarParentFolderPath == null) {
-			throw new ArgumentException("Could not get parent folder from: " + serverJarPath, nameof(serverJarPath));
-		}
-		
-		var launcherJarPath = Path.Combine(serverJarParentFolderPath.FullName, "fabric.jar");
-		
-		if (!File.Exists(launcherJarPath)) {
-			await DownloadLauncher(logger, launcherJarPath, cancellationToken);
-		}
-
-		return new ServerJarInfo(launcherJarPath, ImmutableArray.Create("-Dfabric.installer.server.gameJar=" + Paths.NormalizeSlashes(serverJarPath)));
-	}
-
-	private async Task DownloadLauncher(ILogger logger, string targetFilePath, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
-		// TODO customizable loader version, probably with a dedicated temporary folder
-		string installerUrl = $"https://meta.fabricmc.net/v2/versions/loader/{MinecraftVersion}/stable/stable/server/jar";
-		logger.Information("Downloading Fabric launcher from: {Url}", installerUrl);
-		
-		using var http = new HttpClient();
-		
-		var response = await http.GetAsync(installerUrl, HttpCompletionOption.ResponseHeadersRead, cancellationToken);
-		response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
-		
-		try {
-			await using var fileStream = new FileStream(targetFilePath, FileMode.CreateNew, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.Read);
-			await using var responseStream = await response.Content.ReadAsStreamAsync(cancellationToken);
-			await responseStream.CopyToAsync(fileStream, cancellationToken);
-		} catch (Exception) {
-			TryDeleteLauncherAfterFailure(logger, targetFilePath);
-			throw;
-		}
-	}
-
-	private static void TryDeleteLauncherAfterFailure(ILogger logger, string filePath) {
-		if (File.Exists(filePath)) {
-			try {
-				File.Delete(filePath);
-			} catch (Exception e) {
-				logger.Warning(e, "Could not clean up partially downloaded Fabric launcher: {FilePath}", filePath);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Launcher/Types/InvalidLauncher.cs

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Server;
-using Serilog;
-
-namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Launcher.Types;
-
-public sealed class InvalidLauncher : IServerLauncher {
-	public static InvalidLauncher Instance { get; } = new ();
-	
-	private InvalidLauncher() {}
-	
-	public Task<LaunchResult> Launch(ILogger logger, LaunchServices services, EventHandler<DownloadProgressEventArgs> downloadProgressEventHandler, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
-		return Task.FromResult<LaunchResult>(new LaunchResult.CouldNotPrepareMinecraftServerLauncher());
-	}
-}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Launcher/Types/VanillaLauncher.cs

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Instance;
-
-namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Launcher.Types;
-
-public sealed class VanillaLauncher : BaseLauncher {
-	public VanillaLauncher(InstanceProperties instanceProperties) : base(instanceProperties) {}
-}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.csproj

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
   </PropertyGroup>
   
   <ItemGroup>
-    <PackageReference Include="Kajabity.Tools.Java" />
+    <InternalsVisibleTo Include="Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Tests" />
   </ItemGroup>
   
   <ItemGroup>

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Properties/MinecraftServerProperties.cs

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Properties;
-
-static class MinecraftServerProperties {
-	private sealed class Boolean : MinecraftServerProperty<bool> {
-		public Boolean(string key) : base(key) {}
-		
-		protected override bool Read(string value) => value.Equals("true", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
-		protected override string Write(bool value) => value ? "true" : "false";
-	}
-	
-	private sealed class UnsignedShort : MinecraftServerProperty<ushort> {
-		public UnsignedShort(string key) : base(key) {}
-		
-		protected override ushort Read(string value) => ushort.Parse(value);
-		protected override string Write(ushort value) => value.ToString();
-	}
-
-	public static readonly MinecraftServerProperty<ushort> ServerPort = new UnsignedShort("server-port");
-	public static readonly MinecraftServerProperty<ushort> RconPort = new UnsignedShort("rcon.port");
-	public static readonly MinecraftServerProperty<bool> EnableRcon = new Boolean("enable-rcon");
-	public static readonly MinecraftServerProperty<bool> SyncChunkWrites = new Boolean("sync-chunk-writes");
-}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Properties/MinecraftServerProperty.cs

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Java;
-
-namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Properties;
-
-abstract class MinecraftServerProperty<T> {
-	private readonly string key;
-
-	protected MinecraftServerProperty(string key) {
-		this.key = key;
-	}
-	
-	protected abstract T Read(string value);
-	protected abstract string Write(T value);
-
-	public void Set(JavaPropertiesFileEditor properties, T value) {
-		properties.Set(key, Write(value));
-	}
-}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Properties/ServerProperties.cs

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Java;
-
-namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Properties;
-
-public sealed record ServerProperties(
-	ushort ServerPort,
-	ushort RconPort,
-	bool EnableRcon = true,
-	bool SyncChunkWrites = false
-) {
-	internal void SetTo(JavaPropertiesFileEditor properties) {
-		MinecraftServerProperties.ServerPort.Set(properties, ServerPort);
-		MinecraftServerProperties.RconPort.Set(properties, RconPort);
-		MinecraftServerProperties.EnableRcon.Set(properties, EnableRcon);
-		MinecraftServerProperties.SyncChunkWrites.Set(properties, SyncChunkWrites);
-	}
-}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Server/DownloadProgressEventArgs.cs

@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 
 public sealed class DownloadProgressEventArgs : EventArgs {
 	public ulong DownloadedBytes { get; }
-	public ulong TotalBytes { get; }
+	public ulong? TotalBytes { get; }
 	
-	internal DownloadProgressEventArgs(ulong downloadedBytes, ulong totalBytes) {
+	internal DownloadProgressEventArgs(ulong downloadedBytes, ulong? totalBytes) {
 		DownloadedBytes = downloadedBytes;
 		TotalBytes = totalBytes;
 	}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Server/FileDownloadListener.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Server;
+
+sealed record FileDownloadListener(EventHandler<DownloadProgressEventArgs> DownloadProgressEventHandler, CancellationToken CancellationToken);

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Server/FileDownloadManager.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+using Phantom.Common.Data.Minecraft;
+using Phantom.Utils.IO;
+using Phantom.Utils.Logging;
+using Serilog;
+
+namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Server;
+
+public sealed class FileDownloadManager {
+	private static readonly ILogger Logger = PhantomLogger.Create<FileDownloadManager>();
+	
+	private readonly Dictionary<string, FileDownloader> runningDownloadersByPath = new ();
+	
+	internal async Task<string?> DownloadAndGetPath(FileDownloadInfo fileDownloadInfo, string filePath, EventHandler<DownloadProgressEventArgs> progressEventHandler, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+		var fileInfo = new FileInfo(filePath);
+		if (fileInfo.Exists) {
+			return filePath;
+		}
+		
+		filePath = fileInfo.FullName;
+		
+		if (Directory.GetParent(filePath) is {} parentPath) {
+			try {
+				Directories.Create(parentPath.FullName, Chmod.URWX_GRX);
+			} catch (Exception e) {
+				Logger.Error(e, "Unable to create folder: {FolderName}", parentPath.FullName);
+				return null;
+			}
+		}
+		
+		FileDownloader? downloader;
+		FileDownloadListener listener = new (progressEventHandler, cancellationToken);
+		
+		lock (this) {
+			if (runningDownloadersByPath.TryGetValue(filePath, out downloader)) {
+				Logger.Information("A download for {Path} is already running, waiting for it to finish...", filePath);
+				downloader.Register(listener);
+			}
+			else {
+				downloader = new FileDownloader(fileDownloadInfo, filePath, listener);
+				downloader.Completed += (_, _) => {
+					lock (this) {
+						runningDownloadersByPath.Remove(filePath);
+					}
+				};
+				
+				runningDownloadersByPath[filePath] = downloader;
+			}
+		}
+		
+		return await downloader.Task.WaitAsync(cancellationToken);
+	}
+}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Server/FileDownloader.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+using System.Security.Cryptography;
+using Phantom.Common.Data.Minecraft;
+using Phantom.Utils.Cryptography;
+using Phantom.Utils.IO;
+using Phantom.Utils.Logging;
+using Phantom.Utils.Net;
+using Phantom.Utils.Runtime;
+using Serilog;
+
+namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Server;
+
+sealed class FileDownloader {
+	private static readonly ILogger Logger = PhantomLogger.Create<FileDownloader>();
+	
+	public Task<string?> Task { get; }
+	public event EventHandler<DownloadProgressEventArgs>? DownloadProgress;
+	public event EventHandler? Completed;
+	
+	private readonly CancellationTokenSource cancellationTokenSource = new ();
+	
+	private readonly List<CancellationTokenRegistration> listenerCancellationRegistrations = [];
+	private int listenerCount = 0;
+	
+	public FileDownloader(FileDownloadInfo fileDownloadInfo, string filePath, FileDownloadListener listener) {
+		Register(listener);
+		Task = DownloadFileAndGetFinalPath(fileDownloadInfo, filePath, new DownloadProgressCallback(this), cancellationTokenSource.Token);
+		Task.ContinueWith(OnCompleted, TaskScheduler.Default);
+	}
+	
+	public void Register(FileDownloadListener listener) {
+		int newListenerCount;
+		
+		lock (this) {
+			newListenerCount = ++listenerCount;
+			
+			DownloadProgress += listener.DownloadProgressEventHandler;
+			listenerCancellationRegistrations.Add(listener.CancellationToken.Register(Unregister, listener));
+		}
+		
+		Logger.Debug("Registered download listener, current listener count: {Listeners}", newListenerCount);
+	}
+	
+	private void Unregister(object? listenerObject) {
+		int newListenerCount;
+		
+		lock (this) {
+			FileDownloadListener listener = (FileDownloadListener) listenerObject!;
+			DownloadProgress -= listener.DownloadProgressEventHandler;
+			
+			newListenerCount = --listenerCount;
+			if (newListenerCount <= 0) {
+				cancellationTokenSource.Cancel();
+			}
+		}
+		
+		if (newListenerCount <= 0) {
+			Logger.Debug("Unregistered last download listener, cancelling download.");
+		}
+		else {
+			Logger.Debug("Unregistered download listener, current listener count: {Listeners}", newListenerCount);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	private void ReportDownloadProgress(DownloadProgressEventArgs args) {
+		DownloadProgress?.Invoke(this, args);
+	}
+	
+	private void OnCompleted(Task task) {
+		Logger.Debug("Download task completed.");
+		
+		lock (this) {
+			Completed?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
+			Completed = null;
+			DownloadProgress = null;
+			
+			foreach (var registration in listenerCancellationRegistrations) {
+				registration.Dispose();
+			}
+			
+			listenerCancellationRegistrations.Clear();
+			cancellationTokenSource.Dispose();
+		}
+	}
+	
+	private sealed class DownloadProgressCallback(FileDownloader downloader) {
+		public void ReportProgress(ulong downloadedBytes, ulong? totalBytes) {
+			downloader.ReportDownloadProgress(new DownloadProgressEventArgs(downloadedBytes, totalBytes));
+		}
+	}
+	
+	private static async Task<string?> DownloadFileAndGetFinalPath(FileDownloadInfo fileDownloadInfo, string filePath, DownloadProgressCallback progressCallback, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+		string tmpFilePath = filePath + ".tmp";
+		
+		try {
+			await DownloadFile(tmpFilePath, fileDownloadInfo, progressCallback, cancellationToken);
+			MoveDownloadedFile(filePath, tmpFilePath);
+		} catch (Exception) {
+			TryDeletePartiallyDownloadedFile(tmpFilePath);
+			throw;
+		}
+		
+		return filePath;
+	}
+	
+	private static async Task DownloadFile(string filePath, FileDownloadInfo fileDownloadInfo, DownloadProgressCallback progressCallback, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+		string downloadUrl = fileDownloadInfo.DownloadUrl;
+		
+		DownloadResult result;
+		try {
+			var httpClient = new HttpClient();
+			var response = await httpClient.GetAsync(downloadUrl, HttpCompletionOption.ResponseHeadersRead, cancellationToken);
+			response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
+			
+			FileSize? fileSize = response.Headers.ContentLength;
+			ulong? fileSizeBytes = fileSize?.Bytes;
+			
+			Logger.Information("Downloading {Url} ({Size})...", downloadUrl, FormatFileSize(fileSize));
+			progressCallback.ReportProgress(downloadedBytes: 0, fileSizeBytes);
+			
+			await using var fileStream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.CreateNew, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.Read);
+			await using var responseStream = await response.Content.ReadAsStreamAsync(cancellationToken);
+			
+			using var streamCopier = new DownloadStreamCopier(progressCallback, fileSizeBytes);
+			result = await streamCopier.Copy(responseStream, fileStream, cancellationToken);
+		} catch (OperationCanceledException) {
+			Logger.Information("File download was cancelled: {Url}", downloadUrl);
+			throw;
+		} catch (Exception e) {
+			Logger.Error(e, "Could not download file: {Url}", downloadUrl);
+			throw StopProcedureException.Instance;
+		}
+		
+		if (fileDownloadInfo.Hash is {} expectedHash && !result.Hash.Equals(expectedHash)) {
+			Logger.Error("Downloaded file from {Url} has mismatched SHA1 hash. Expected {Expected}, got {Actual}.", downloadUrl, expectedHash, result.Hash);
+			throw StopProcedureException.Instance;
+		}
+		
+		Logger.Information("Finished downloading {Url} ({Size}).", downloadUrl, FormatFileSize(result.Size));
+	}
+	
+	private static string FormatFileSize(FileSize? fileSize) {
+		return fileSize?.ToHumanReadable(decimalPlaces: 1) ?? "unknown size";
+	}
+	
+	private static void MoveDownloadedFile(string filePath, string tmpFilePath) {
+		try {
+			File.Move(tmpFilePath, filePath, overwrite: true);
+		} catch (Exception e) {
+			Logger.Error(e, "Could not move downloaded file from {SourcePath} to {TargetPath}", tmpFilePath, filePath);
+			throw StopProcedureException.Instance;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	private static void TryDeletePartiallyDownloadedFile(string filePath) {
+		if (!File.Exists(filePath)) {
+			return;
+		}
+		
+		try {
+			File.Delete(filePath);
+		} catch (Exception e) {
+			Logger.Warning(e, "Could not clean up partially downloaded file: {FilePath}", filePath);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	private sealed class DownloadStreamCopier : IDisposable {
+		private readonly StreamCopier streamCopier = new ();
+		private readonly IncrementalHash sha1 = IncrementalHash.CreateHash(HashAlgorithmName.SHA1);
+		
+		private readonly DownloadProgressCallback progressCallback;
+		private readonly ulong? totalBytes;
+		private ulong readBytes;
+		
+		public DownloadStreamCopier(DownloadProgressCallback progressCallback, ulong? totalBytes) {
+			this.progressCallback = progressCallback;
+			this.totalBytes = totalBytes;
+			this.streamCopier.BufferReady += OnBufferReady;
+		}
+		
+		private void OnBufferReady(object? sender, StreamCopier.BufferEventArgs args) {
+			sha1.AppendData(args.Buffer.Span);
+			
+			readBytes += (uint) args.Buffer.Length;
+			progressCallback.ReportProgress(readBytes, totalBytes);
+		}
+		
+		public async Task<DownloadResult> Copy(Stream source, Stream destination, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+			await streamCopier.Copy(source, destination, cancellationToken);
+			
+			FileSize size = new FileSize(readBytes);
+			Sha1String hash = Sha1String.FromBytes(sha1.GetHashAndReset());
+			return new DownloadResult(size, hash);
+		}
+		
+		public void Dispose() {
+			sha1.Dispose();
+			streamCopier.Dispose();
+		}
+	}
+	
+	private readonly record struct DownloadResult(FileSize Size, Sha1String Hash);
+}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Server/MinecraftServerExecutableDownloadListener.cs

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Server;
-
-sealed record MinecraftServerExecutableDownloadListener(EventHandler<DownloadProgressEventArgs> DownloadProgressEventHandler, CancellationToken CancellationToken);

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Server/MinecraftServerExecutableDownloader.cs

@@ -1,190 +0,0 @@
-using System.Security.Cryptography;
-using Phantom.Common.Data.Minecraft;
-using Phantom.Utils.Cryptography;
-using Phantom.Utils.IO;
-using Phantom.Utils.Logging;
-using Phantom.Utils.Runtime;
-using Serilog;
-
-namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Server;
-
-sealed class MinecraftServerExecutableDownloader {
-	private static readonly ILogger Logger = PhantomLogger.Create<MinecraftServerExecutableDownloader>();
-
-	public Task<string?> Task { get; }
-	public event EventHandler<DownloadProgressEventArgs>? DownloadProgress;
-	public event EventHandler? Completed;
-	
-	private readonly CancellationTokenSource cancellationTokenSource = new ();
-	
-	private readonly List<CancellationTokenRegistration> listenerCancellationRegistrations = new ();
-	private int listenerCount = 0;
-
-	public MinecraftServerExecutableDownloader(FileDownloadInfo fileDownloadInfo, string minecraftVersion, string filePath, MinecraftServerExecutableDownloadListener listener) {
-		Register(listener);
-		Task = DownloadAndGetPath(fileDownloadInfo, minecraftVersion, filePath, new DownloadProgressCallback(this), cancellationTokenSource.Token);
-		Task.ContinueWith(OnCompleted, TaskScheduler.Default);
-	}
-
-	public void Register(MinecraftServerExecutableDownloadListener listener) {
-		int newListenerCount;
-		
-		lock (this) {
-			newListenerCount = ++listenerCount;
-			
-			DownloadProgress += listener.DownloadProgressEventHandler;
-			listenerCancellationRegistrations.Add(listener.CancellationToken.Register(Unregister, listener));
-		}
-		
-		Logger.Debug("Registered download listener, current listener count: {Listeners}", newListenerCount);
-	}
-
-	private void Unregister(object? listenerObject) {
-		int newListenerCount;
-		
-		lock (this) {
-			MinecraftServerExecutableDownloadListener listener = (MinecraftServerExecutableDownloadListener) listenerObject!;
-			DownloadProgress -= listener.DownloadProgressEventHandler;
-
-			newListenerCount = --listenerCount;
-			if (newListenerCount <= 0) {
-				cancellationTokenSource.Cancel();
-			}
-		}
-		
-		if (newListenerCount <= 0) {
-			Logger.Debug("Unregistered last download listener, cancelling download.");
-		}
-		else {
-			Logger.Debug("Unregistered download listener, current listener count: {Listeners}", newListenerCount);
-		}
-	}
-
-	private void ReportDownloadProgress(DownloadProgressEventArgs args) {
-		DownloadProgress?.Invoke(this, args);
-	}
-
-	private void OnCompleted(Task task) {
-		Logger.Debug("Download task completed.");
-
-		lock (this) {
-			Completed?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
-			Completed = null;
-			DownloadProgress = null;
-
-			foreach (var registration in listenerCancellationRegistrations) {
-				registration.Dispose();
-			}
-			
-			listenerCancellationRegistrations.Clear();
-			cancellationTokenSource.Dispose();
-		}
-	}
-
-	private sealed class DownloadProgressCallback {
-		private readonly MinecraftServerExecutableDownloader downloader;
-
-		public DownloadProgressCallback(MinecraftServerExecutableDownloader downloader) {
-			this.downloader = downloader;
-		}
-
-		public void ReportProgress(ulong downloadedBytes, ulong totalBytes) {
-			downloader.ReportDownloadProgress(new DownloadProgressEventArgs(downloadedBytes, totalBytes));
-		}
-	}
-
-	private static async Task<string?> DownloadAndGetPath(FileDownloadInfo fileDownloadInfo, string minecraftVersion, string filePath, DownloadProgressCallback progressCallback, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
-		string tmpFilePath = filePath + ".tmp";
-
-		try {
-			Logger.Information("Downloading server version {Version} from: {Url} ({Size})", minecraftVersion, fileDownloadInfo.DownloadUrl, fileDownloadInfo.Size.ToHumanReadable(decimalPlaces: 1));
-			try {
-				using var http = new HttpClient();
-				await FetchServerExecutableFile(http, progressCallback, fileDownloadInfo, tmpFilePath, cancellationToken);
-			} catch (Exception) {
-				TryDeleteExecutableAfterFailure(tmpFilePath);
-				throw;
-			}
-
-			File.Move(tmpFilePath, filePath, true);
-			Logger.Information("Server version {Version} downloaded.", minecraftVersion);
-
-			return filePath;
-		} catch (OperationCanceledException) {
-			Logger.Information("Download for server version {Version} was cancelled.", minecraftVersion);
-			throw;
-		} catch (StopProcedureException) {
-			return null;
-		} catch (Exception e) {
-			Logger.Error(e, "An unexpected error occurred.");
-			return null;
-		}
-	}
-
-	private static async Task FetchServerExecutableFile(HttpClient http, DownloadProgressCallback progressCallback, FileDownloadInfo fileDownloadInfo, string filePath, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
-		Sha1String downloadedFileHash;
-
-		try {
-			var response = await http.GetAsync(fileDownloadInfo.DownloadUrl, HttpCompletionOption.ResponseHeadersRead, cancellationToken);
-			response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
-
-			await using var fileStream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.CreateNew, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.Read);
-			await using var responseStream = await response.Content.ReadAsStreamAsync(cancellationToken);
-
-			using var streamCopier = new MinecraftServerDownloadStreamCopier(progressCallback, fileDownloadInfo.Size.Bytes);
-			downloadedFileHash = await streamCopier.Copy(responseStream, fileStream, cancellationToken);
-		} catch (OperationCanceledException) {
-			throw;
-		} catch (Exception e) {
-			Logger.Error(e, "Unable to download server executable.");
-			throw StopProcedureException.Instance;
-		}
-
-		if (!downloadedFileHash.Equals(fileDownloadInfo.Hash)) {
-			Logger.Error("Downloaded server executable has mismatched SHA1 hash. Expected {Expected}, got {Actual}.", fileDownloadInfo.Hash, downloadedFileHash);
-			throw StopProcedureException.Instance;
-		}
-	}
-
-	private static void TryDeleteExecutableAfterFailure(string filePath) {
-		if (File.Exists(filePath)) {
-			try {
-				File.Delete(filePath);
-			} catch (Exception e) {
-				Logger.Warning(e, "Could not clean up partially downloaded server executable: {FilePath}", filePath);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	private sealed class MinecraftServerDownloadStreamCopier : IDisposable {
-		private readonly StreamCopier streamCopier = new ();
-		private readonly IncrementalHash sha1 = IncrementalHash.CreateHash(HashAlgorithmName.SHA1);
-
-		private readonly DownloadProgressCallback progressCallback;
-		private readonly ulong totalBytes;
-		private ulong readBytes;
-
-		public MinecraftServerDownloadStreamCopier(DownloadProgressCallback progressCallback, ulong totalBytes) {
-			this.progressCallback = progressCallback;
-			this.totalBytes = totalBytes;
-			this.streamCopier.BufferReady += OnBufferReady;
-		}
-
-		private void OnBufferReady(object? sender, StreamCopier.BufferEventArgs args) {
-			sha1.AppendData(args.Buffer.Span);
-
-			readBytes += (uint) args.Buffer.Length;
-			progressCallback.ReportProgress(readBytes, totalBytes);
-		}
-
-		public async Task<Sha1String> Copy(Stream source, Stream destination, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
-			await streamCopier.Copy(source, destination, cancellationToken);
-			return Sha1String.FromBytes(sha1.GetHashAndReset());
-		}
-
-		public void Dispose() {
-			sha1.Dispose();
-			streamCopier.Dispose();
-		}
-	}
-}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Server/MinecraftServerExecutables.cs

@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
-using Phantom.Common.Data.Minecraft;
-using Phantom.Utils.IO;
-using Phantom.Utils.Logging;
-using Serilog;
-
-namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Server;
-
-public sealed partial class MinecraftServerExecutables {
-	private static readonly ILogger Logger = PhantomLogger.Create<MinecraftServerExecutables>();
-
-	[GeneratedRegex(@"[^a-zA-Z0-9_\-\.]", RegexOptions.Compiled)]
-	private static partial Regex SanitizePathRegex();
-
-	private readonly string basePath;
-	private readonly Dictionary<string, MinecraftServerExecutableDownloader> runningDownloadersByVersion = new ();
-
-	public MinecraftServerExecutables(string basePath) {
-		this.basePath = basePath;
-	}
-
-	internal async Task<string?> DownloadAndGetPath(FileDownloadInfo? fileDownloadInfo, string minecraftVersion, EventHandler<DownloadProgressEventArgs> progressEventHandler, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
-		string serverExecutableFolderPath = Path.Combine(basePath, SanitizePathRegex().IsMatch(minecraftVersion) ? SanitizePathRegex().Replace(minecraftVersion, "_") : minecraftVersion);
-		string serverExecutableFilePath = Path.Combine(serverExecutableFolderPath, "server.jar");
-
-		if (File.Exists(serverExecutableFilePath)) {
-			return serverExecutableFilePath;
-		}
-
-		if (fileDownloadInfo == null) {
-			Logger.Error("Unable to download server executable for version {Version} because no download info was provided.", minecraftVersion);
-			return null;
-		}
-
-		try {
-			Directories.Create(serverExecutableFolderPath, Chmod.URWX_GRX);
-		} catch (Exception e) {
-			Logger.Error(e, "Unable to create folder for server executable: {ServerExecutableFolderPath}", serverExecutableFolderPath);
-			return null;
-		}
-
-		MinecraftServerExecutableDownloader? downloader;
-		MinecraftServerExecutableDownloadListener listener = new (progressEventHandler, cancellationToken);
-
-		lock (this) {
-			if (runningDownloadersByVersion.TryGetValue(minecraftVersion, out downloader)) {
-				Logger.Information("A download for server version {Version} is already running, waiting for it to finish...", minecraftVersion);
-				downloader.Register(listener);
-			}
-			else {
-				downloader = new MinecraftServerExecutableDownloader(fileDownloadInfo, minecraftVersion, serverExecutableFilePath, listener);
-				downloader.Completed += (_, _) => {
-					lock (this) {
-						runningDownloadersByVersion.Remove(minecraftVersion);
-					}
-				};
-
-				runningDownloadersByVersion[minecraftVersion] = downloader;
-			}
-		}
-
-		return await downloader.Task.WaitAsync(cancellationToken);
-	}
-}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Minecraft/Server/ServerStatusProtocol.cs

@@ -3,11 +3,12 @@ using System.Buffers.Binary;
 using System.Net;
 using System.Net.Sockets;
 using System.Text;
+using Phantom.Common.Data.Instance;
 
 namespace Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Server;
 
 public static class ServerStatusProtocol {
-	public static async Task<int> GetOnlinePlayerCount(ushort serverPort, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+	public static async Task<InstancePlayerCounts> GetPlayerCounts(ushort serverPort, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
 		using var tcpClient = new TcpClient();
 		await tcpClient.ConnectAsync(IPAddress.Loopback, serverPort, cancellationToken);
 		var tcpStream = tcpClient.GetStream();
@@ -17,13 +18,13 @@ public static class ServerStatusProtocol {
 		await tcpStream.FlushAsync(cancellationToken);
 		
 		short messageLength = await ReadStreamHeader(tcpStream, cancellationToken);
-		return await ReadOnlinePlayerCount(tcpStream, messageLength * 2, cancellationToken);
+		return await ReadPlayerCounts(tcpStream, messageLength * 2, cancellationToken);
 	}
 	
 	private static async Task<short> ReadStreamHeader(NetworkStream tcpStream, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
 		var headerBuffer = ArrayPool<byte>.Shared.Rent(3);
 		try {
-			await tcpStream.ReadExactlyAsync(headerBuffer, 0, 3, cancellationToken);
+			await tcpStream.ReadExactlyAsync(headerBuffer, offset: 0, count: 3, cancellationToken);
 			
 			if (headerBuffer[0] != 0xFF) {
 				throw new ProtocolException("Unexpected first byte in response from server: " + headerBuffer[0]);
@@ -40,35 +41,53 @@ public static class ServerStatusProtocol {
 		}
 	}
 	
-	private static async Task<int> ReadOnlinePlayerCount(NetworkStream tcpStream, int messageLength, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+	private static async Task<InstancePlayerCounts> ReadPlayerCounts(NetworkStream tcpStream, int messageLength, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
 		var messageBuffer = ArrayPool<byte>.Shared.Rent(messageLength);
 		try {
-			await tcpStream.ReadExactlyAsync(messageBuffer, 0, messageLength, cancellationToken);
+			await tcpStream.ReadExactlyAsync(messageBuffer, offset: 0, messageLength, cancellationToken);
-
+			return ReadPlayerCountsFromResponse(messageBuffer.AsSpan(start: 0, messageLength));
-			// Valid response separator encoded in UTF-16BE is 0x00 0xA7 (§).
-			const byte SeparatorSecondByte = 0xA7;
-			
-			static bool IsValidSeparator(ReadOnlySpan<byte> buffer, int index) {
-				return index > 0 && buffer[index - 1] == 0x00;
-			}
-			
-			int separator2 = Array.LastIndexOf(messageBuffer, SeparatorSecondByte);
-			int separator1 = separator2 == -1 ? -1 : Array.LastIndexOf(messageBuffer, SeparatorSecondByte, separator2 - 1);
-			if (!IsValidSeparator(messageBuffer, separator1) || !IsValidSeparator(messageBuffer, separator2)) {
-				throw new ProtocolException("Could not find message separators in response from server.");
-			}
-
-			string onlinePlayerCountStr = Encoding.BigEndianUnicode.GetString(messageBuffer.AsSpan((separator1 + 1)..(separator2 - 1)));
-			if (!int.TryParse(onlinePlayerCountStr, out int onlinePlayerCount)) {
-				throw new ProtocolException("Could not parse online player count in response from server: " + onlinePlayerCountStr);
-			}
-			
-			return onlinePlayerCount;
 		} finally {
 			ArrayPool<byte>.Shared.Return(messageBuffer);
 		}
 	}
 	
+	/// <summary>
+	/// Legacy query protocol uses the paragraph symbol (§) as separator encoded in UTF-16BE.
+	/// </summary>
+	private static readonly byte[] Separator = [0x00, 0xA7];
+	
+	private static InstancePlayerCounts ReadPlayerCountsFromResponse(ReadOnlySpan<byte> messageBuffer) {
+		int lastSeparator = messageBuffer.LastIndexOf(Separator);
+		int middleSeparator = messageBuffer[..lastSeparator].LastIndexOf(Separator);
+		
+		if (lastSeparator == -1 || middleSeparator == -1) {
+			throw new ProtocolException("Could not find message separators in response from server.");
+		}
+		
+		var onlinePlayerCountBuffer = messageBuffer[(middleSeparator + Separator.Length)..lastSeparator];
+		var maximumPlayerCountBuffer = messageBuffer[(lastSeparator + Separator.Length)..];
+		
+		// Player counts are integers, whose maximum string length is 10 characters.
+		Span<char> integerStringBuffer = stackalloc char[10];
+		
+		return new InstancePlayerCounts(
+			DecodeAndParsePlayerCount(onlinePlayerCountBuffer, integerStringBuffer, "online"),
+			DecodeAndParsePlayerCount(maximumPlayerCountBuffer, integerStringBuffer, "maximum")
+		);
+	}
+	
+	private static int DecodeAndParsePlayerCount(ReadOnlySpan<byte> inputBuffer, Span<char> tempCharBuffer, string countType) {
+		if (!Encoding.BigEndianUnicode.TryGetChars(inputBuffer, tempCharBuffer, out int charCount)) {
+			throw new ProtocolException("Could not decode " + countType + " player count in response from server.");
+		}
+		
+		if (!int.TryParse(tempCharBuffer, out int playerCount)) {
+			throw new ProtocolException("Could not parse " + countType + " player count in response from server: " + tempCharBuffer[..charCount].ToString());
+		}
+		
+		return playerCount;
+	}
+	
 	public sealed class ProtocolException : Exception {
 		internal ProtocolException(string message) : base(message) {}
 	}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Rpc/ControllerConnection.cs

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent;
-using Phantom.Utils.Logging;
-using Phantom.Utils.Rpc.Runtime;
-using Serilog;
-
-namespace Phantom.Agent.Rpc;
-
-public sealed class ControllerConnection {
-	private static readonly ILogger Logger = PhantomLogger.Create(nameof(ControllerConnection));
-
-	private readonly RpcConnectionToServer<IMessageToController> connection;
-	
-	public ControllerConnection(RpcConnectionToServer<IMessageToController> connection) {
-		this.connection = connection;
-		Logger.Information("Connection ready.");
-	}
-
-	public Task Send<TMessage>(TMessage message) where TMessage : IMessageToController {
-		return connection.Send(message);
-	}
-}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Rpc/KeepAliveLoop.cs

@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent;
-using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent.ToController;
-using Phantom.Utils.Logging;
-using Phantom.Utils.Rpc.Runtime;
-using Serilog;
-
-namespace Phantom.Agent.Rpc;
-
-sealed class KeepAliveLoop {
-	private static readonly ILogger Logger = PhantomLogger.Create<KeepAliveLoop>();
-
-	private static readonly TimeSpan KeepAliveInterval = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10);
-
-	private readonly RpcConnectionToServer<IMessageToController> connection;
-	private readonly CancellationTokenSource cancellationTokenSource = new ();
-
-	public KeepAliveLoop(RpcConnectionToServer<IMessageToController> connection) {
-		this.connection = connection;
-		Task.Run(Run);
-	}
-
-	private async Task Run() {
-		var cancellationToken = cancellationTokenSource.Token;
-		
-		try {
-			await connection.IsReady.WaitAsync(cancellationToken);
-			Logger.Information("Started keep-alive loop.");
-			
-			while (true) {
-				await Task.Delay(KeepAliveInterval, cancellationToken);
-				await connection.Send(new AgentIsAliveMessage()).WaitAsync(cancellationToken);
-			}
-		} catch (OperationCanceledException) {
-			// Ignore.
-		} finally {
-			cancellationTokenSource.Dispose();
-			Logger.Information("Stopped keep-alive loop.");
-		}
-	}
-
-	public void Cancel() {
-		cancellationTokenSource.Cancel();
-	}
-}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Rpc/Phantom.Agent.Rpc.csproj

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
-  
-  <PropertyGroup>
-    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
-    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
-  </PropertyGroup>
-  
-  <ItemGroup>
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\..\Common\Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent\Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent.csproj" />
-  </ItemGroup>
-
-</Project>

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Rpc/RpcClientRuntime.cs

@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-using NetMQ;
-using NetMQ.Sockets;
-using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent;
-using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent.BiDirectional;
-using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent.ToController;
-using Phantom.Utils.Actor;
-using Phantom.Utils.Rpc.Runtime;
-using Phantom.Utils.Rpc.Sockets;
-using Serilog;
-
-namespace Phantom.Agent.Rpc;
-
-public sealed class RpcClientRuntime : RpcClientRuntime<IMessageToAgent, IMessageToController, ReplyMessage> {
-	public static Task Launch(RpcClientSocket<IMessageToAgent, IMessageToController, ReplyMessage> socket, ActorRef<IMessageToAgent> handlerActorRef, SemaphoreSlim disconnectSemaphore, CancellationToken receiveCancellationToken) {
-		return new RpcClientRuntime(socket, handlerActorRef, disconnectSemaphore, receiveCancellationToken).Launch();
-	}
-
-	private RpcClientRuntime(RpcClientSocket<IMessageToAgent, IMessageToController, ReplyMessage> socket, ActorRef<IMessageToAgent> handlerActor, SemaphoreSlim disconnectSemaphore, CancellationToken receiveCancellationToken) : base(socket, handlerActor, disconnectSemaphore, receiveCancellationToken) {}
-
-	protected override async Task RunWithConnection(ClientSocket socket, RpcConnectionToServer<IMessageToController> connection) {
-		var keepAliveLoop = new KeepAliveLoop(connection);
-		try {
-			await base.RunWithConnection(socket, connection);
-		} finally {
-			keepAliveLoop.Cancel();
-		}
-	}
-
-	protected override async Task SendDisconnectMessage(ClientSocket socket, ILogger logger) {
-		var unregisterMessageBytes = AgentMessageRegistries.ToController.Write(new UnregisterAgentMessage()).ToArray();
-		try {
-			await socket.SendAsync(unregisterMessageBytes).AsTask().WaitAsync(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5), CancellationToken.None);
-		} catch (TimeoutException) {
-			logger.Error("Timed out communicating agent shutdown with the controller.");
-		}
-	}
-}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/AgentFolders.cs

@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@ namespace Phantom.Agent.Services;
 public sealed class AgentFolders {
 	private static readonly ILogger Logger = PhantomLogger.Create<AgentFolders>();
 	
-	public string DataFolderPath { get; }
+	internal string DataFolderPath { get; }
-	public string InstancesFolderPath { get; }
+	internal string InstancesFolderPath { get; }
-	public string BackupsFolderPath { get; }
+	internal string BackupsFolderPath { get; }
 	
-	public string TemporaryFolderPath { get; }
+	internal string TemporaryFolderPath { get; }
-	public string ServerExecutableFolderPath { get; }
+	internal string ServerExecutableFolderPath { get; }
 	
 	public string JavaSearchFolderPath { get; }
 	

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/AgentRegistrationHandler.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+using System.Collections.Immutable;
+using Phantom.Agent.Services.Instances;
+using Phantom.Common.Data.Replies;
+using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent.ToAgent;
+using Phantom.Utils.Logging;
+using Phantom.Utils.Tasks;
+using Phantom.Utils.Threading;
+using Serilog;
+
+namespace Phantom.Agent.Services;
+
+public sealed class AgentRegistrationHandler {
+	private readonly ILogger logger = PhantomLogger.Create<AgentRegistrationHandler>();
+	
+	private readonly ManualResetEventSlim newSessionEvent = new ();
+	private ImmutableArray<ConfigureInstanceMessage> lastConfigureInstanceMessages;
+	
+	internal void OnRegistrationComplete(ImmutableArray<ConfigureInstanceMessage> configureInstanceMessages) {
+		ImmutableInterlocked.InterlockedExchange(ref lastConfigureInstanceMessages, configureInstanceMessages);
+	}
+	
+	internal void OnNewSession() {
+		newSessionEvent.Set();
+	}
+	
+	public async Task<bool> Start(AgentServices agentServices, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+		var configureInstanceMessages = ImmutableInterlocked.InterlockedExchange(ref lastConfigureInstanceMessages, value: default);
+		if (configureInstanceMessages.IsDefault) {
+			logger.Fatal("Handshake failed.");
+			return false;
+		}
+		
+		foreach (var configureInstanceMessage in configureInstanceMessages) {
+			var configureInstanceResult = await agentServices.InstanceManager.Request(GetCommand(configureInstanceMessage), cancellationToken);
+			if (!configureInstanceResult.Is(ConfigureInstanceResult.Success)) {
+				logger.Fatal("Unable to configure instance \"{Name}\" (GUID {Guid}), shutting down.", configureInstanceMessage.Info.InstanceName, configureInstanceMessage.InstanceGuid);
+				return false;
+			}
+		}
+		
+		agentServices.InstanceTicketManager.RefreshAgentStatus();
+		
+		_ = HandleNewSessionRegistrations(agentServices, cancellationToken);
+		return true;
+	}
+	
+	private async Task HandleNewSessionRegistrations(AgentServices agentServices, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+		while (cancellationToken.Check()) {
+			await newSessionEvent.WaitHandle.WaitOneAsync(cancellationToken);
+			newSessionEvent.Reset();
+			
+			try {
+				await HandleNewSessionRegistration(agentServices, cancellationToken);
+			} catch (Exception e) {
+				logger.Error(e, "Could not configure instances after re-registration.");
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	
+	private async Task HandleNewSessionRegistration(AgentServices agentServices, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+		var configureInstanceMessages = ImmutableInterlocked.InterlockedExchange(ref lastConfigureInstanceMessages, value: default);
+		if (configureInstanceMessages.IsDefaultOrEmpty) {
+			return;
+		}
+		
+		foreach (var configureInstanceMessage in configureInstanceMessages) {
+			var configureInstanceResult = await agentServices.InstanceManager.Request(GetCommand(configureInstanceMessage), cancellationToken);
+			if (!configureInstanceResult.Is(ConfigureInstanceResult.Success)) {
+				logger.Error("Unable to configure instance \"{Name}\" (GUID {Guid}).", configureInstanceMessage.Info.InstanceName, configureInstanceMessage.InstanceGuid);
+			}
+		}
+		
+		agentServices.InstanceTicketManager.RefreshAgentStatus();
+	}
+	
+	private static InstanceManagerActor.ConfigureInstanceCommand GetCommand(ConfigureInstanceMessage configureInstanceMessage) {
+		return new InstanceManagerActor.ConfigureInstanceCommand(
+			configureInstanceMessage.InstanceGuid,
+			configureInstanceMessage.Info,
+			configureInstanceMessage.LaunchRecipe,
+			configureInstanceMessage.LaunchNow,
+			AlwaysReportStatus: true
+		);
+	}
+}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/AgentServices.cs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 using Akka.Actor;
 using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Java;
-using Phantom.Agent.Rpc;
 using Phantom.Agent.Services.Backups;
 using Phantom.Agent.Services.Instances;
+using Phantom.Agent.Services.Rpc;
 using Phantom.Common.Data.Agent;
 using Phantom.Utils.Actor;
 using Phantom.Utils.Logging;
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ public sealed class AgentServices {
 	
 	public ActorSystem ActorSystem { get; }
 	
-	private AgentFolders AgentFolders { get; }
 	private AgentState AgentState { get; }
 	private BackupManager BackupManager { get; }
 	
@@ -23,30 +22,24 @@ public sealed class AgentServices {
 	internal InstanceTicketManager InstanceTicketManager { get; }
 	internal ActorRef<InstanceManagerActor.ICommand> InstanceManager { get; }
 	
-	public AgentServices(AgentInfo agentInfo, AgentFolders agentFolders, AgentServiceConfiguration serviceConfiguration, ControllerConnection controllerConnection) {
+	public AgentServices(AgentInfo agentInfo, AgentFolders agentFolders, AgentServiceConfiguration serviceConfiguration, ControllerConnection controllerConnection, JavaRuntimeRepository javaRuntimeRepository) {
 		this.ActorSystem = ActorSystemFactory.Create("Agent");
 		
-		this.AgentFolders = agentFolders;
 		this.AgentState = new AgentState();
 		this.BackupManager = new BackupManager(agentFolders, serviceConfiguration.MaxConcurrentCompressionTasks);
 		
-		this.JavaRuntimeRepository = new JavaRuntimeRepository();
+		this.JavaRuntimeRepository = javaRuntimeRepository;
 		this.InstanceTicketManager = new InstanceTicketManager(agentInfo, controllerConnection);
 		
 		var instanceManagerInit = new InstanceManagerActor.Init(controllerConnection, agentFolders, AgentState, JavaRuntimeRepository, InstanceTicketManager, BackupManager);
 		this.InstanceManager = ActorSystem.ActorOf(InstanceManagerActor.Factory(instanceManagerInit), "InstanceManager");
 	}
 	
-	public async Task Initialize() {
-		await foreach (var runtime in JavaRuntimeDiscovery.Scan(AgentFolders.JavaSearchFolderPath)) {
-			JavaRuntimeRepository.Include(runtime);
-		}
-	}
-
 	public async Task Shutdown() {
 		Logger.Information("Stopping services...");
 		
 		await InstanceManager.Stop(new InstanceManagerActor.ShutdownCommand());
+		await InstanceTicketManager.Shutdown();
 		
 		BackupManager.Dispose();
 		

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Backups/BackupArchiver.cs

@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ sealed class BackupArchiver {
 	
 	private async Task<bool> CreateTarArchive(string sourceFolderPath, string backupFilePath) {
 		try {
-			await TarFile.CreateFromDirectoryAsync(sourceFolderPath, backupFilePath, false, cancellationToken);
+			await TarFile.CreateFromDirectoryAsync(sourceFolderPath, backupFilePath, includeBaseDirectory: false, cancellationToken);
 			return true;
 		} catch (Exception e) {
 			logger.Error(e, "Could not create archive.");
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ sealed class BackupArchiver {
 		foreach (FileInfo file in sourceFolder.EnumerateFiles()) {
 			var filePath = relativePath.Add(file.Name);
 			if (IsFileSkipped(filePath)) {
-				logger.Debug("Skipping file: {File}", string.Join('/', filePath));
+				logger.Debug("Skipping file: {File}", string.Join(separator: '/', filePath));
 				continue;
 			}
 			
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ sealed class BackupArchiver {
 		foreach (DirectoryInfo directory in sourceFolder.EnumerateDirectories()) {
 			var folderPath = relativePath.Add(directory.Name);
 			if (IsFolderSkipped(folderPath)) {
-				logger.Debug("Skipping folder: {Folder}", string.Join('/', folderPath));
+				logger.Debug("Skipping folder: {Folder}", string.Join(separator: '/', folderPath));
 				continue;
 			}
 			
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ sealed class BackupArchiver {
 				}
 				else {
 					logger.Warning("Failed copying file {File}, retrying...", sourceFile.FullName);
-					await Task.Delay(200, cancellationToken);
+					await Task.Delay(millisecondsDelay: 200, cancellationToken);
 				}
 			}
 		}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Backups/BackupCompressor.cs

@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ static class BackupCompressor {
 				"--rm",
 				"--no-progress",
 				"-o", destinationFilePath,
-				"--", sourceFilePath
+				"--", sourceFilePath,
-			}
+			},
 		};
 		
 		static void OnZstdOutput(object? sender, Process.Output output) {

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Backups/BackupManager.cs

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ sealed class BackupManager : IDisposable {
 				BackupCreationResultKind.CouldNotCreateBackupFolder         => "Could not create backup folder.",
 				BackupCreationResultKind.CouldNotCopyWorldToTemporaryFolder => "Could not copy world to temporary folder.",
 				BackupCreationResultKind.CouldNotCreateWorldArchive         => "Could not create world archive.",
-				_                                                           => "Unknown error."
+				_                                                           => "Unknown error.",
 			};
 		}
 	}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Backups/BackupScheduler.cs

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ sealed class BackupScheduler : CancellableBackgroundTask {
 	
 	private readonly BackupManager backupManager;
 	private readonly InstanceContext context;
-	private readonly SemaphoreSlim backupSemaphore = new (1, 1);
+	private readonly SemaphoreSlim backupSemaphore = new (initialCount: 1, maxCount: 1);
 	private readonly ManualResetEventSlim serverOutputWhileWaitingForOnlinePlayers = new ();
 	private readonly InstancePlayerCountTracker playerCountTracker;
 	

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Instances/InstanceActor.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Launcher;
 using Phantom.Agent.Services.Backups;
 using Phantom.Agent.Services.Instances.State;
+using Phantom.Agent.Services.Rpc;
 using Phantom.Common.Data.Backups;
 using Phantom.Common.Data.Instance;
 using Phantom.Common.Data.Minecraft;
@@ -23,24 +24,30 @@ sealed class InstanceActor : ReceiveActor<InstanceActor.ICommand> {
 	private readonly CancellationToken shutdownCancellationToken;
 	
 	private readonly Guid instanceGuid;
-	private readonly InstanceServices instanceServices;
 	private readonly InstanceTicketManager instanceTicketManager;
 	private readonly InstanceContext context;
 	
+	private readonly ControllerSendQueue<ReportInstanceStatusMessage> reportStatusQueue;
+	private readonly ControllerSendQueue<ReportInstanceEventMessage> reportEventsQueue;
+	
 	private readonly CancellationTokenSource actorCancellationTokenSource = new ();
 	
 	private IInstanceStatus currentStatus = InstanceStatus.NotRunning;
 	private InstanceRunningState? runningState = null;
 	
 	private InstanceActor(Init init) {
+		InstanceServices services = init.InstanceServices;
+		
 		this.agentState = init.AgentState;
 		this.instanceGuid = init.InstanceGuid;
-		this.instanceServices = init.InstanceServices;
 		this.instanceTicketManager = init.InstanceTicketManager;
 		this.shutdownCancellationToken = init.ShutdownCancellationToken;
 		
+		this.reportStatusQueue = new ControllerSendQueue<ReportInstanceStatusMessage>(services.ControllerConnection, init.ShortName + "-Status", capacity: 1, singleWriter: true);
+		this.reportEventsQueue = new ControllerSendQueue<ReportInstanceEventMessage>(services.ControllerConnection, init.ShortName + "-Events", capacity: 1000, singleWriter: true);
+		
 		var logger = PhantomLogger.Create<InstanceActor>(init.ShortName);
-		this.context = new InstanceContext(instanceGuid, init.ShortName, logger, instanceServices, SelfTyped, actorCancellationTokenSource.Token);
+		this.context = new InstanceContext(instanceGuid, init.ShortName, logger, services, reportEventsQueue, SelfTyped, actorCancellationTokenSource.Token);
 		
 		Receive<ReportInstanceStatusCommand>(ReportInstanceStatus);
 		ReceiveAsync<LaunchInstanceCommand>(LaunchInstance);
@@ -58,7 +65,7 @@ sealed class InstanceActor : ReceiveActor<InstanceActor.ICommand> {
 	
 	private void ReportCurrentStatus() {
 		agentState.UpdateInstance(new Instance(instanceGuid, currentStatus));
-		instanceServices.ControllerConnection.Send(new ReportInstanceStatusMessage(instanceGuid, currentStatus));
+		reportStatusQueue.Enqueue(new ReportInstanceStatusMessage(instanceGuid, currentStatus));
 	}
 	
 	private void TransitionState(InstanceRunningState? newState) {
@@ -71,11 +78,11 @@ sealed class InstanceActor : ReceiveActor<InstanceActor.ICommand> {
 		runningState?.Initialize();
 	}
 	
-	public interface ICommand {}
+	public interface ICommand;
 	
 	public sealed record ReportInstanceStatusCommand : ICommand;
 	
-	public sealed record LaunchInstanceCommand(InstanceConfiguration Configuration, IServerLauncher Launcher, InstanceTicketManager.Ticket Ticket, bool IsRestarting) : ICommand;
+	public sealed record LaunchInstanceCommand(InstanceInfo Info, InstanceLauncher Launcher, InstanceTicketManager.Ticket Ticket, bool IsRestarting) : ICommand;
 	
 	public sealed record StopInstanceCommand(MinecraftStopStrategy StopStrategy) : ICommand;
 	
@@ -93,9 +100,14 @@ sealed class InstanceActor : ReceiveActor<InstanceActor.ICommand> {
 	
 	private async Task LaunchInstance(LaunchInstanceCommand command) {
 		if (command.IsRestarting || runningState is null) {
-			SetAndReportStatus(command.IsRestarting ? InstanceStatus.Restarting : InstanceStatus.Launching);
+			var defaultLaunchStatus = command.IsRestarting ? InstanceStatus.Restarting : InstanceStatus.Launching;
+			SetAndReportStatus(defaultLaunchStatus);
 			
-			var newState = await InstanceLaunchProcedure.Run(context, command.Configuration, command.Launcher, instanceTicketManager, command.Ticket, SetAndReportStatus, shutdownCancellationToken);
+			void UpdateStatus(IInstanceStatus? newStatus) {
+				SetAndReportStatus(newStatus ?? defaultLaunchStatus);
+			}
+			
+			var newState = await InstanceLaunchProcedure.Run(context, command.Info, command.Launcher, instanceTicketManager, command.Ticket, UpdateStatus, shutdownCancellationToken);
 			if (newState is null) {
 				instanceTicketManager.Release(command.Ticket);
 			}
@@ -156,6 +168,12 @@ sealed class InstanceActor : ReceiveActor<InstanceActor.ICommand> {
 	private async Task Shutdown(ShutdownCommand command) {
 		await StopInstance(new StopInstanceCommand(MinecraftStopStrategy.Instant));
 		await actorCancellationTokenSource.CancelAsync();
+		
+		await Task.WhenAll(
+			reportStatusQueue.Shutdown(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5)),
+			reportEventsQueue.Shutdown(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5))
+		);
+		
 		Context.Stop(Self);
 	}
 }

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Instances/InstanceContext.cs

@@ -1,12 +1,21 @@
-using Phantom.Common.Data.Instance;
+using Phantom.Agent.Services.Rpc;
+using Phantom.Common.Data.Instance;
 using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent.ToController;
 using Phantom.Utils.Actor;
 using Serilog;
 
 namespace Phantom.Agent.Services.Instances;
 
-sealed record InstanceContext(Guid InstanceGuid, string ShortName, ILogger Logger, InstanceServices Services, ActorRef<InstanceActor.ICommand> Actor, CancellationToken ActorCancellationToken) {
+sealed record InstanceContext(
+	Guid InstanceGuid,
+	string ShortName,
+	ILogger Logger,
+	InstanceServices Services,
+	ControllerSendQueue<ReportInstanceEventMessage> ReportEventQueue,
+	ActorRef<InstanceActor.ICommand> Actor,
+	CancellationToken ActorCancellationToken
+) {
 	public void ReportEvent(IInstanceEvent instanceEvent) {
-		Services.ControllerConnection.Send(new ReportInstanceEventMessage(Guid.NewGuid(), DateTime.UtcNow, InstanceGuid, instanceEvent));
+		ReportEventQueue.Enqueue(new ReportInstanceEventMessage(Guid.NewGuid(), DateTime.UtcNow, InstanceGuid, instanceEvent));
 	}
 }

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Instances/InstanceManagerActor.cs

@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Instance;
 using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Java;
 using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Launcher;
-using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Launcher.Types;
-using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Properties;
 using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Server;
-using Phantom.Agent.Rpc;
 using Phantom.Agent.Services.Backups;
+using Phantom.Agent.Services.Rpc;
 using Phantom.Common.Data;
 using Phantom.Common.Data.Instance;
+using Phantom.Common.Data.Instance.Launch;
 using Phantom.Common.Data.Minecraft;
 using Phantom.Common.Data.Replies;
 using Phantom.Utils.Actor;
@@ -27,11 +26,11 @@ sealed class InstanceManagerActor : ReceiveActor<InstanceManagerActor.ICommand>
 	}
 	
 	private readonly AgentState agentState;
-	private readonly string basePath;
+	private readonly AgentFolders agentFolders;
 	
 	private readonly InstanceServices instanceServices;
 	private readonly InstanceTicketManager instanceTicketManager;
-	private readonly Dictionary<Guid, InstanceInfo> instances = new ();
+	private readonly Dictionary<Guid, Instance> instances = new ();
 	
 	private readonly CancellationTokenSource shutdownCancellationTokenSource = new ();
 	private readonly CancellationToken shutdownCancellationToken;
@@ -40,15 +39,12 @@ sealed class InstanceManagerActor : ReceiveActor<InstanceManagerActor.ICommand>
 	
 	private InstanceManagerActor(Init init) {
 		this.agentState = init.AgentState;
-		this.basePath = init.AgentFolders.InstancesFolderPath;
+		this.agentFolders = init.AgentFolders;
+		
+		this.instanceServices = new InstanceServices(init.ControllerConnection, init.BackupManager, new FileDownloadManager(), init.JavaRuntimeRepository);
 		this.instanceTicketManager = init.InstanceTicketManager;
 		this.shutdownCancellationToken = shutdownCancellationTokenSource.Token;
 		
-		var minecraftServerExecutables = new MinecraftServerExecutables(init.AgentFolders.ServerExecutableFolderPath);
-		var launchServices = new LaunchServices(minecraftServerExecutables, init.JavaRuntimeRepository);
-
-		this.instanceServices = new InstanceServices(init.ControllerConnection, init.BackupManager, launchServices);
-		
 		ReceiveAndReply<ConfigureInstanceCommand, Result<ConfigureInstanceResult, InstanceActionFailure>>(ConfigureInstance);
 		ReceiveAndReply<LaunchInstanceCommand, Result<LaunchInstanceResult, InstanceActionFailure>>(LaunchInstance);
 		ReceiveAndReply<StopInstanceCommand, Result<StopInstanceResult, InstanceActionFailure>>(StopInstance);
@@ -56,16 +52,11 @@ sealed class InstanceManagerActor : ReceiveActor<InstanceManagerActor.ICommand>
 		ReceiveAsync<ShutdownCommand>(Shutdown);
 	}
 	
-	private string GetInstanceLoggerName(Guid guid) {
+	private sealed record Instance(ActorRef<InstanceActor.ICommand> Actor, InstanceInfo Info, InstanceProperties Properties, InstanceLaunchRecipe? LaunchRecipe);
-		var prefix = guid.ToString();
-		return prefix[..prefix.IndexOf('-')] + "/" + Interlocked.Increment(ref instanceLoggerSequenceId);
-	}
 	
-	private sealed record InstanceInfo(ActorRef<InstanceActor.ICommand> Actor, InstanceConfiguration Configuration, IServerLauncher Launcher);
+	public interface ICommand;
 	
-	public interface ICommand {}
+	public sealed record ConfigureInstanceCommand(Guid InstanceGuid, InstanceInfo Info, InstanceLaunchRecipe? LaunchRecipe, bool LaunchNow, bool AlwaysReportStatus) : ICommand, ICanReply<Result<ConfigureInstanceResult, InstanceActionFailure>>;
-	
-	public sealed record ConfigureInstanceCommand(Guid InstanceGuid, InstanceConfiguration Configuration, InstanceLaunchProperties LaunchProperties, bool LaunchNow, bool AlwaysReportStatus) : ICommand, ICanReply<Result<ConfigureInstanceResult, InstanceActionFailure>>;
 	
 	public sealed record LaunchInstanceCommand(Guid InstanceGuid) : ICommand, ICanReply<Result<LaunchInstanceResult, InstanceActionFailure>>;
 	
@@ -77,55 +68,40 @@ sealed class InstanceManagerActor : ReceiveActor<InstanceManagerActor.ICommand>
 	
 	private Result<ConfigureInstanceResult, InstanceActionFailure> ConfigureInstance(ConfigureInstanceCommand command) {
 		var instanceGuid = command.InstanceGuid;
-		var configuration = command.Configuration;
+		var instanceInfo = command.Info;
-
+		var launchRecipe = command.LaunchRecipe;
-		var instanceFolder = Path.Combine(basePath, instanceGuid.ToString());
-		Directories.Create(instanceFolder, Chmod.URWX_GRX);
-
-		var heapMegabytes = configuration.MemoryAllocation.InMegabytes;
-		var jvmProperties = new JvmProperties(
-			InitialHeapMegabytes: heapMegabytes / 2,
-			MaximumHeapMegabytes: heapMegabytes
-		);
-
-		var properties = new InstanceProperties(
-			instanceGuid,
-			configuration.JavaRuntimeGuid,
-			jvmProperties,
-			configuration.JvmArguments,
-			instanceFolder,
-			configuration.MinecraftVersion,
-			new ServerProperties(configuration.ServerPort, configuration.RconPort),
-			command.LaunchProperties
-		);
-
-		IServerLauncher launcher = configuration.MinecraftServerKind switch {
-			MinecraftServerKind.Vanilla => new VanillaLauncher(properties),
-			MinecraftServerKind.Fabric  => new FabricLauncher(properties),
-			_                           => InvalidLauncher.Instance
-		};
 		
 		if (instances.TryGetValue(instanceGuid, out var instance)) {
 			instances[instanceGuid] = instance with {
-				Configuration = configuration,
+				Info = instanceInfo,
-				Launcher = launcher
+				LaunchRecipe = launchRecipe,
 			};
 			
-			Logger.Information("Reconfigured instance \"{Name}\" (GUID {Guid}).", configuration.InstanceName, instanceGuid);
+			Logger.Information("Reconfigured instance \"{Name}\" (GUID {Guid}).", instanceInfo.InstanceName, instanceGuid);
 			
 			if (command.AlwaysReportStatus) {
 				instance.Actor.Tell(new InstanceActor.ReportInstanceStatusCommand());
 			}
 		}
 		else {
-			var instanceInit = new InstanceActor.Init(agentState, instanceGuid, GetInstanceLoggerName(instanceGuid), instanceServices, instanceTicketManager, shutdownCancellationToken);
+			var instanceLoggerName = PhantomLogger.ShortenGuid(instanceGuid) + "/" + Interlocked.Increment(ref instanceLoggerSequenceId);
-			instances[instanceGuid] = instance = new InstanceInfo(Context.ActorOf(InstanceActor.Factory(instanceInit), "Instance-" + instanceGuid), configuration, launcher);
+			var instanceProperties = new InstanceProperties(instanceGuid, Path.Combine(agentFolders.InstancesFolderPath, instanceGuid.ToString()));
+			var instanceInit = new InstanceActor.Init(agentState, instanceGuid, instanceLoggerName, instanceServices, instanceTicketManager, shutdownCancellationToken);
+			instances[instanceGuid] = instance = new Instance(Context.ActorOf(InstanceActor.Factory(instanceInit), "Instance-" + instanceGuid), instanceInfo, instanceProperties, launchRecipe);
 			
-			Logger.Information("Created instance \"{Name}\" (GUID {Guid}).", configuration.InstanceName, instanceGuid);
+			Logger.Information("Created instance \"{Name}\" (GUID {Guid}).", instanceInfo.InstanceName, instanceGuid);
 			
 			instance.Actor.Tell(new InstanceActor.ReportInstanceStatusCommand());
 		}
 		
+		string instanceFolder = instance.Properties.InstanceFolder;
+		try {
+			Directories.Create(instanceFolder, Chmod.URWX_GRX);
+		} catch (Exception e) {
+			Logger.Error(e, "Could not create instance folder: {Path}", instanceFolder);
+			return ConfigureInstanceResult.CouldNotCreateInstanceFolder;
+		}
+		
 		if (command.LaunchNow) {
 			LaunchInstance(new LaunchInstanceCommand(instanceGuid));
 		}
@@ -135,17 +111,21 @@ sealed class InstanceManagerActor : ReceiveActor<InstanceManagerActor.ICommand>
 	
 	private Result<LaunchInstanceResult, InstanceActionFailure> LaunchInstance(LaunchInstanceCommand command) {
 		var instanceGuid = command.InstanceGuid;
-		if (!instances.TryGetValue(instanceGuid, out var instanceInfo)) {
+		if (!instances.TryGetValue(instanceGuid, out var instance)) {
 			return InstanceActionFailure.InstanceDoesNotExist;
 		}
 		
-		var ticket = instanceTicketManager.Reserve(instanceInfo.Configuration);
+		if (instance.LaunchRecipe is not {} launchRecipe) {
+			return LaunchInstanceResult.InvalidConfiguration;
+		}
+		
+		var ticket = instanceTicketManager.Reserve(instance.Info);
 		if (!ticket) {
 			return ticket.Error;
 		}
 		
-		if (agentState.InstancesByGuid.TryGetValue(instanceGuid, out var instance)) {
+		if (agentState.InstancesByGuid.TryGetValue(instanceGuid, out var agentInstance)) {
-			var status = instance.Status;
+			var status = agentInstance.Status;
 			if (status.IsRunning()) {
 				return LaunchInstanceResult.InstanceAlreadyRunning;
 			}
@@ -154,7 +134,12 @@ sealed class InstanceManagerActor : ReceiveActor<InstanceManagerActor.ICommand>
 			}
 		}
 		
-		instanceInfo.Actor.Tell(new InstanceActor.LaunchInstanceCommand(instanceInfo.Configuration, instanceInfo.Launcher, ticket.Value, IsRestarting: false));
+		var pathResolver = new InstancePathResolver(agentFolders, instanceServices.JavaRuntimeRepository, instance.Properties);
+		var valueResolver = new InstanceValueResolver(pathResolver);
+		var launcher = new InstanceLauncher(instanceServices.DownloadManager, pathResolver, valueResolver, instance.Properties, launchRecipe);
+		
+		instance.Actor.Tell(new InstanceActor.LaunchInstanceCommand(instance.Info, launcher, ticket.Value, IsRestarting: false));
+		
 		return LaunchInstanceResult.LaunchInitiated;
 	}
 	

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Instances/InstancePathResolver.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+using System.Collections.Immutable;
+using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Instance;
+using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Java;
+using Phantom.Common.Data.Instance;
+
+namespace Phantom.Agent.Services.Instances;
+
+sealed class InstancePathResolver(AgentFolders agentFolders, JavaRuntimeRepository javaRuntimeRepository, InstanceProperties instanceProperties) : IInstancePathResolver {
+	public string Global(ImmutableArray<string> path) {
+		return CombinePath(agentFolders.ServerExecutableFolderPath, path);
+	}
+	
+	public string Local(ImmutableArray<string> path) {
+		return CombinePath(instanceProperties.InstanceFolder, path);
+	}
+	
+	public string? Runtime(Guid guid) {
+		if (javaRuntimeRepository.TryGetByGuid(guid, out var runtime)) {
+			return runtime.ExecutablePath;
+		}
+		else {
+			return null;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	private string CombinePath(string basePath, ImmutableArray<string> additionalParts) {
+		// TODO validation
+		return Path.Combine([basePath, ..additionalParts]);
+	}
+}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Instances/InstanceServices.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
-using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Launcher;
+using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Java;
-using Phantom.Agent.Rpc;
+using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Server;
 using Phantom.Agent.Services.Backups;
+using Phantom.Agent.Services.Rpc;
 
 namespace Phantom.Agent.Services.Instances;
 
-sealed record InstanceServices(ControllerConnection ControllerConnection, BackupManager BackupManager, LaunchServices LaunchServices);
+sealed record InstanceServices(
+	ControllerConnection ControllerConnection,
+	BackupManager BackupManager,
+	FileDownloadManager DownloadManager,
+	JavaRuntimeRepository JavaRuntimeRepository
+);

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Instances/InstanceTicketManager.cs

@@ -1,41 +1,33 @@
-using Phantom.Agent.Rpc;
+using System.Collections.Immutable;
+using Phantom.Agent.Services.Rpc;
 using Phantom.Common.Data;
 using Phantom.Common.Data.Agent;
 using Phantom.Common.Data.Instance;
 using Phantom.Common.Data.Replies;
 using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent.ToController;
 using Phantom.Utils.Logging;
-using Phantom.Utils.Tasks;
 using Serilog;
 
 namespace Phantom.Agent.Services.Instances;
 
-sealed class InstanceTicketManager {
+sealed class InstanceTicketManager(AgentInfo agentInfo, ControllerConnection controllerConnection) {
 	private static readonly ILogger Logger = PhantomLogger.Create<InstanceTicketManager>();
 	
-	private readonly AgentInfo agentInfo;
+	private readonly ControllerSendQueue<ReportAgentStatusMessage> reportStatusQueue = new (controllerConnection, nameof(InstanceTicketManager), capacity: 1, singleWriter: true);
-	private readonly ControllerConnection controllerConnection;
 	
-	private readonly HashSet<Guid> activeTicketGuids = new ();
+	private readonly HashSet<Guid> activeTicketGuids = [];
-	private readonly HashSet<ushort> usedPorts = new ();
+	private readonly HashSet<ushort> usedPorts = [];
 	private RamAllocationUnits usedMemory = new ();
 	
-	public InstanceTicketManager(AgentInfo agentInfo, ControllerConnection controllerConnection) {
+	public Result<Ticket, LaunchInstanceResult> Reserve(InstanceInfo info) {
-		this.agentInfo = agentInfo;
+		var memoryAllocation = info.MemoryAllocation;
-		this.controllerConnection = controllerConnection;
-	}
 		
-	public Result<Ticket, LaunchInstanceResult> Reserve(InstanceConfiguration configuration) {
+		if (!agentInfo.AllowedServerPorts.Contains(info.ServerPort)) {
-		var memoryAllocation = configuration.MemoryAllocation;
-		var serverPort = configuration.ServerPort;
-		var rconPort = configuration.RconPort;
-		
-		if (!agentInfo.AllowedServerPorts.Contains(serverPort)) {
 			return LaunchInstanceResult.ServerPortNotAllowed;
 		}
 		
-		if (!agentInfo.AllowedRconPorts.Contains(rconPort)) {
+		if (info.AdditionalPorts.Any(port => !agentInfo.AllowedAdditionalPorts.Contains(port))) {
-			return LaunchInstanceResult.RconPortNotAllowed;
+			return LaunchInstanceResult.AdditionalPortNotAllowed;
 		}
 		
 		lock (this) {
@@ -47,23 +39,23 @@ sealed class InstanceTicketManager {
 				return LaunchInstanceResult.MemoryLimitExceeded;
 			}
 			
-			if (usedPorts.Contains(serverPort)) {
+			if (usedPorts.Contains(info.ServerPort)) {
 				return LaunchInstanceResult.ServerPortAlreadyInUse;
 			}
 			
-			if (usedPorts.Contains(rconPort)) {
+			if (info.AdditionalPorts.Any(port => usedPorts.Contains(port))) {
-				return LaunchInstanceResult.RconPortAlreadyInUse;
+				return LaunchInstanceResult.AdditionalPortAlreadyInUse;
 			}
 			
-			var ticket = new Ticket(Guid.NewGuid(), memoryAllocation, serverPort, rconPort);
+			var ticket = new Ticket(Guid.NewGuid(), memoryAllocation, info.ServerPort, info.AdditionalPorts);
 			
 			activeTicketGuids.Add(ticket.TicketGuid);
 			usedMemory += memoryAllocation;
-			usedPorts.Add(serverPort);
+			usedPorts.Add(ticket.ServerPort);
-			usedPorts.Add(rconPort);
+			usedPorts.UnionWith(ticket.AdditionalPorts);
 			
 			RefreshAgentStatus();
-			Logger.Debug("Reserved ticket {TicketGuid} (server port {ServerPort}, rcon port {RconPort}, memory allocation {MemoryAllocation} MB).", ticket.TicketGuid, ticket.ServerPort, ticket.RconPort, ticket.MemoryAllocation.InMegabytes);
+			Logger.Debug("Reserved ticket {TicketGuid} (server port {ServerPort}, additional ports [{AdditionalPorts}], memory allocation {MemoryAllocation} MB).", ticket.TicketGuid, ticket.ServerPort, string.Join(", ", ticket.AdditionalPorts), ticket.MemoryAllocation.InMegabytes);
 			
 			return ticket;
 		}
@@ -83,18 +75,22 @@ sealed class InstanceTicketManager {
 			
 			usedMemory -= ticket.MemoryAllocation;
 			usedPorts.Remove(ticket.ServerPort);
-			usedPorts.Remove(ticket.RconPort);
+			usedPorts.ExceptWith(ticket.AdditionalPorts);
 			
 			RefreshAgentStatus();
-			Logger.Debug("Released ticket {TicketGuid} (server port {ServerPort}, rcon port {RconPort}, memory allocation {MemoryAllocation} MB).", ticket.TicketGuid, ticket.ServerPort, ticket.RconPort, ticket.MemoryAllocation.InMegabytes);
+			Logger.Debug("Released ticket {TicketGuid} (server port {ServerPort}, additional ports [{AdditionalPorts}], memory allocation {MemoryAllocation} MB).", ticket.TicketGuid, ticket.ServerPort, string.Join(", ", ticket.AdditionalPorts), ticket.MemoryAllocation.InMegabytes);
 		}
 	}
 	
 	public void RefreshAgentStatus() {
 		lock (this) {
-			controllerConnection.Send(new ReportAgentStatusMessage(activeTicketGuids.Count, usedMemory));
+			reportStatusQueue.Enqueue(new ReportAgentStatusMessage(activeTicketGuids.Count, usedMemory));
 		}
 	}
 	
-	public sealed record Ticket(Guid TicketGuid, RamAllocationUnits MemoryAllocation, ushort ServerPort, ushort RconPort);
+	public async Task Shutdown() {
+		await reportStatusQueue.Shutdown(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
+	}
+	
+	public sealed record Ticket(Guid TicketGuid, RamAllocationUnits MemoryAllocation, ushort ServerPort, ImmutableSortedSet<ushort> AdditionalPorts);
 }

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Instances/InstanceValueResolver.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+using Phantom.Common.Data.Instance;
+
+namespace Phantom.Agent.Services.Instances;
+
+sealed class InstanceValueResolver(IInstancePathResolver pathResolver) : IInstanceValueResolver {
+	public string? Path(IInstancePath value) {
+		return value.Resolve(pathResolver);
+	}
+	
+	public string? Variable(InstanceVariable value) {
+		return null;
+	}
+}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Instances/State/InstanceLaunchProcedure.cs

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Instance;
 using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Launcher;
-using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Server;
 using Phantom.Common.Data;
 using Phantom.Common.Data.Instance;
+using Phantom.Common.Data.Instance.Launch;
 
 namespace Phantom.Agent.Services.Instances.State;
 
 static class InstanceLaunchProcedure {
-	public static async Task<InstanceRunningState?> Run(InstanceContext context, InstanceConfiguration configuration, IServerLauncher launcher, InstanceTicketManager ticketManager, InstanceTicketManager.Ticket ticket, Action<IInstanceStatus> reportStatus, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+	public static async Task<InstanceRunningState?> Run(InstanceContext context, InstanceInfo info, InstanceLauncher launcher, InstanceTicketManager ticketManager, InstanceTicketManager.Ticket ticket, Action<IInstanceStatus?> reportStatus, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
 		context.Logger.Information("Session starting...");
 		
 		Result<InstanceProcess, InstanceLaunchFailReason> result;
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ static class InstanceLaunchProcedure {
 		if (result) {
 			reportStatus(InstanceStatus.Running);
 			context.ReportEvent(InstanceEvent.LaunchSucceeded);
-			return new InstanceRunningState(context, configuration, launcher, ticket, result.Value, cancellationToken);
+			return new InstanceRunningState(context, info, launcher, ticket, result.Value, cancellationToken);
 		}
 		else {
 			reportStatus(InstanceStatus.Failed(result.Error));
@@ -40,43 +40,24 @@ static class InstanceLaunchProcedure {
 		}
 	}
 	
-	private static async Task<Result<InstanceProcess, InstanceLaunchFailReason>> LaunchInstance(InstanceContext context, IServerLauncher launcher, Action<IInstanceStatus> reportStatus, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+	private static async Task<Result<InstanceProcess, InstanceLaunchFailReason>> LaunchInstance(InstanceContext context, InstanceLauncher launcher, Action<IInstanceStatus?> reportStatus, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
 		cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
 		
-		byte lastDownloadProgress = byte.MaxValue;
+		switch (await launcher.Launch(context.Logger, reportStatus, cancellationToken)) {
-
-		void OnDownloadProgress(object? sender, DownloadProgressEventArgs args) {
-			byte progress = (byte) Math.Min(args.DownloadedBytes * 100 / args.TotalBytes, 100);
-
-			if (lastDownloadProgress != progress) {
-				lastDownloadProgress = progress;
-				reportStatus(InstanceStatus.Downloading(progress));
-			}
-		}
-
-		switch (await launcher.Launch(context.Logger, context.Services.LaunchServices, OnDownloadProgress, cancellationToken)) {
 			case LaunchResult.Success launchSuccess:
 				return launchSuccess.Process;
 			
-			case LaunchResult.InvalidJavaRuntime:
+			case LaunchResult.CouldNotPrepareServerInstance:
-				context.Logger.Error("Session failed to launch, invalid Java runtime.");
+				context.Logger.Error("Session failed to launch, could not prepare server instance.");
-				return InstanceLaunchFailReason.JavaRuntimeNotFound;
+				return InstanceLaunchFailReason.CouldNotPrepareServerInstance;
 			
-			case LaunchResult.CouldNotDownloadMinecraftServer:
+			case LaunchResult.CouldNotFindServerExecutable:
-				context.Logger.Error("Session failed to launch, could not download Minecraft server.");
+				context.Logger.Error("Session failed to launch, could not find server executable.");
-				return InstanceLaunchFailReason.CouldNotDownloadMinecraftServer;
+				return InstanceLaunchFailReason.CouldNotFindServerExecutable;
 			
-			case LaunchResult.CouldNotPrepareMinecraftServerLauncher:
+			case LaunchResult.CouldNotStartServerExecutable:
-				context.Logger.Error("Session failed to launch, could not prepare Minecraft server launcher.");
+				context.Logger.Error("Session failed to launch, could not start server executable.");
-				return InstanceLaunchFailReason.CouldNotPrepareMinecraftServerLauncher;
+				return InstanceLaunchFailReason.CouldNotStartServerExecutable;
-
-			case LaunchResult.CouldNotConfigureMinecraftServer:
-				context.Logger.Error("Session failed to launch, could not configure Minecraft server.");
-				return InstanceLaunchFailReason.CouldNotConfigureMinecraftServer;
-
-			case LaunchResult.CouldNotStartMinecraftServer:
-				context.Logger.Error("Session failed to launch, could not start Minecraft server.");
-				return InstanceLaunchFailReason.CouldNotStartMinecraftServer;
 			
 			default:
 				context.Logger.Error("Session failed to launch.");

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Instances/State/InstanceLogSender.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using System.Collections.Immutable;
+using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
 using System.Threading.Channels;
-using Phantom.Agent.Rpc;
+using Phantom.Agent.Services.Rpc;
 using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent.ToController;
 using Phantom.Utils.Logging;
 using Phantom.Utils.Tasks;
@@ -8,10 +9,10 @@ using Phantom.Utils.Tasks;
 namespace Phantom.Agent.Services.Instances.State;
 
 sealed class InstanceLogSender : CancellableBackgroundTask {
-	private static readonly BoundedChannelOptions BufferOptions = new (capacity: 100) {
+	private static readonly BoundedChannelOptions BufferOptions = new (capacity: 200) {
 		SingleReader = true,
 		SingleWriter = true,
-		FullMode = BoundedChannelFullMode.DropNewest
+		FullMode = BoundedChannelFullMode.DropNewest,
 	};
 	
 	private static readonly TimeSpan SendDelay = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200);
@@ -33,17 +34,29 @@ sealed class InstanceLogSender : CancellableBackgroundTask {
 		var lineReader = outputChannel.Reader;
 		var lineBuilder = ImmutableArray.CreateBuilder<string>();
 		
+		using var sendOutputCancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
+		
+		await using var sendOutputCancellationRegistration = CancellationToken.Register([SuppressMessage("ReSharper", "AccessToDisposedClosure")]() => {
+			sendOutputCancellationTokenSource.CancelAfter(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));
+		});
+		
+		var sendOutputCancellationToken = sendOutputCancellationTokenSource.Token;
+		
 		try {
 			while (await lineReader.WaitToReadAsync(CancellationToken)) {
 				await Task.Delay(SendDelay, CancellationToken);
-				SendOutputToServer(ReadLinesFromChannel(lineReader, lineBuilder));
+				await SendOutputToServer(ReadLinesFromChannel(lineReader, lineBuilder), sendOutputCancellationToken);
 			}
 		} catch (OperationCanceledException) {
 			// Ignore.
 		}
 		
 		// Flush remaining lines.
-		SendOutputToServer(ReadLinesFromChannel(lineReader, lineBuilder));
+		try {
+			await SendOutputToServer(ReadLinesFromChannel(lineReader, lineBuilder), sendOutputCancellationToken);
+		} catch (OperationCanceledException) {
+			// Ignore.
+		}
 	}
 	
 	private ImmutableArray<string> ReadLinesFromChannel(ChannelReader<string> reader, ImmutableArray<string>.Builder builder) {
@@ -53,7 +66,7 @@ sealed class InstanceLogSender : CancellableBackgroundTask {
 			builder.Add(line);
 		}
 		
-		int droppedLines = Interlocked.Exchange(ref droppedLinesSinceLastSend, 0);
+		int droppedLines = Interlocked.Exchange(ref droppedLinesSinceLastSend, value: 0);
 		if (droppedLines > 0) {
 			builder.Add($"Dropped {droppedLines} {(droppedLines == 1 ? "line" : "lines")} due to buffer overflow.");
 		}
@@ -61,9 +74,12 @@ sealed class InstanceLogSender : CancellableBackgroundTask {
 		return builder.ToImmutable();
 	}
 	
-	private void SendOutputToServer(ImmutableArray<string> lines) {
+	private ValueTask SendOutputToServer(ImmutableArray<string> lines, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
-		if (!lines.IsEmpty) {
+		if (lines.IsEmpty) {
-			controllerConnection.Send(new InstanceOutputMessage(instanceGuid, lines));
+			return ValueTask.CompletedTask;
+		}
+		else {
+			return controllerConnection.Send(new InstanceOutputMessage(instanceGuid, lines), cancellationToken);
 		}
 	}
 	

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Instances/State/InstancePlayerCountTracker.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
-using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Instance;
+using System.Net.Sockets;
+using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Instance;
 using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Server;
+using Phantom.Agent.Services.Rpc;
+using Phantom.Common.Data.Instance;
+using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent.ToController;
 using Phantom.Utils.Logging;
 using Phantom.Utils.Tasks;
 using Phantom.Utils.Threading;
@@ -7,40 +11,24 @@ using Phantom.Utils.Threading;
 namespace Phantom.Agent.Services.Instances.State;
 
 sealed class InstancePlayerCountTracker : CancellableBackgroundTask {
-	private readonly InstanceProcess process;
+	private readonly ControllerConnection controllerConnection;
+	private readonly Guid instanceGuid;
 	private readonly ushort serverPort;
+	private readonly InstanceProcess process;
 	
 	private readonly TaskCompletionSource firstDetection = AsyncTasks.CreateCompletionSource();
 	private readonly ManualResetEventSlim serverOutputEvent = new ();
 	
-	private int? onlinePlayerCount;
+	private bool WaitingForFirstDetection => !firstDetection.Task.IsCompleted;
-
-	public int? OnlinePlayerCount {
-		get {
-			lock (this) {
-				return onlinePlayerCount;
-			}
-		}
-		private set {
-			EventHandler<int?>? onlinePlayerCountChanged;
-			lock (this) {
-				if (onlinePlayerCount == value) {
-					return;
-				}
-				
-				onlinePlayerCount = value;
-				onlinePlayerCountChanged = OnlinePlayerCountChanged;
-			}
-
-			onlinePlayerCountChanged?.Invoke(this, value);
-		}
-	}
 	
+	private InstancePlayerCounts? playerCounts;
 	private event EventHandler<int?>? OnlinePlayerCountChanged;
 	
 	private bool isDisposed = false;
 	
 	public InstancePlayerCountTracker(InstanceContext context, InstanceProcess process, ushort serverPort) : base(PhantomLogger.Create<InstancePlayerCountTracker>(context.ShortName)) {
+		this.controllerConnection = context.Services.ControllerConnection;
+		this.instanceGuid = context.InstanceGuid;
 		this.process = process;
 		this.serverPort = serverPort;
 		Start();
@@ -48,33 +36,40 @@ sealed class InstancePlayerCountTracker : CancellableBackgroundTask {
 	
 	protected override async Task RunTask() {
 		// Give the server time to start accepting connections.
-		await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10), CancellationToken);
+		await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5), CancellationToken);
 		
 		serverOutputEvent.Set();
 		process.AddOutputListener(OnOutput, maxLinesToReadFromHistory: 0);
 		
-		while (!CancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested) {
+		while (CancellationToken.Check()) {
 			serverOutputEvent.Reset();
 			
-			OnlinePlayerCount = await TryGetOnlinePlayerCount();
+			InstancePlayerCounts? latestPlayerCounts = await TryGetPlayerCounts();
+			UpdatePlayerCounts(latestPlayerCounts);
 			
-			if (!firstDetection.Task.IsCompleted) {
+			if (latestPlayerCounts == null) {
-				firstDetection.SetResult();
+				await Task.Delay(WaitingForFirstDetection ? TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5) : TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10), CancellationToken);
 			}
-
+			else {
 				await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10), CancellationToken);
 				await serverOutputEvent.WaitHandle.WaitOneAsync(CancellationToken);
 				await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1), CancellationToken);
 			}
 		}
+	}
 	
-	private async Task<int?> TryGetOnlinePlayerCount() {
+	private async Task<InstancePlayerCounts?> TryGetPlayerCounts() {
 		try {
-			int newOnlinePlayerCount = await ServerStatusProtocol.GetOnlinePlayerCount(serverPort, CancellationToken);
+			return await ServerStatusProtocol.GetPlayerCounts(serverPort, CancellationToken);
-			Logger.Debug("Detected {OnlinePlayerCount} online player(s).", newOnlinePlayerCount);
-			return newOnlinePlayerCount;
 		} catch (ServerStatusProtocol.ProtocolException e) {
-			Logger.Error(e.Message);
+			Logger.Error("{Message}", e.Message);
+			return null;
+		} catch (SocketException e) {
+			bool waitingForServerStart = e.SocketErrorCode == SocketError.ConnectionRefused && WaitingForFirstDetection;
+			if (!waitingForServerStart) {
+				Logger.Warning("Could not check online player count. Socket error {ErrorCode} ({ErrorCodeName}), reason: {ErrorMessage}", e.ErrorCode, e.SocketErrorCode, e.Message);
+			}
+			
 			return null;
 		} catch (Exception e) {
 			Logger.Error(e, "Caught exception while checking online player count.");
@@ -82,18 +77,41 @@ sealed class InstancePlayerCountTracker : CancellableBackgroundTask {
 		}
 	}
 	
+	private void UpdatePlayerCounts(InstancePlayerCounts? newPlayerCounts) {
+		if (newPlayerCounts is {} value) {
+			Logger.Debug("Detected {OnlinePlayerCount} / {MaximumPlayerCount} online player(s).", value.Online, value.Maximum);
+			firstDetection.TrySetResult();
+		}
+		
+		EventHandler<int?>? onlinePlayerCountChanged;
+		lock (this) {
+			if (playerCounts == newPlayerCounts) {
+				return;
+			}
+			
+			playerCounts = newPlayerCounts;
+			onlinePlayerCountChanged = OnlinePlayerCountChanged;
+		}
+		
+		onlinePlayerCountChanged?.Invoke(this, newPlayerCounts?.Online);
+		
+		if (!controllerConnection.TrySend(new ReportInstancePlayerCountsMessage(instanceGuid, newPlayerCounts))) {
+			Logger.Warning("Could not report online player count to Controller.");
+		}
+	}
+	
 	public async Task WaitForOnlinePlayers(CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
 		await firstDetection.Task.WaitAsync(cancellationToken);
 		
 		var onlinePlayersDetected = AsyncTasks.CreateCompletionSource();
 		
 		lock (this) {
-			if (onlinePlayerCount == null) {
+			if (playerCounts is { Online: > 0 }) {
-				throw new InvalidOperationException();
-			}
-			else if (onlinePlayerCount > 0) {
 				return;
 			}
+			else if (playerCounts == null) {
+				throw new InvalidOperationException();
+			}
 			
 			OnlinePlayerCountChanged += OnOnlinePlayerCountChanged;
 			
@@ -123,7 +141,7 @@ sealed class InstancePlayerCountTracker : CancellableBackgroundTask {
 	protected override void Dispose() {
 		lock (this) {
 			isDisposed = true;
-			onlinePlayerCount = null;
+			playerCounts = null;
 		}
 		
 		process.RemoveOutputListener(OnOutput);

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Instances/State/InstanceRunningState.cs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Launcher;
 using Phantom.Agent.Services.Backups;
 using Phantom.Common.Data.Backups;
 using Phantom.Common.Data.Instance;
+using Phantom.Common.Data.Instance.Launch;
 using Phantom.Common.Data.Replies;
 
 namespace Phantom.Agent.Services.Instances.State;
@@ -14,8 +15,8 @@ sealed class InstanceRunningState : IDisposable {
 	internal bool IsStopping { get; set; }
 	
 	private readonly InstanceContext context;
-	private readonly InstanceConfiguration configuration;
+	private readonly InstanceInfo info;
-	private readonly IServerLauncher launcher;
+	private readonly InstanceLauncher launcher;
 	private readonly CancellationToken cancellationToken;
 	
 	private readonly InstanceLogSender logSender;
@@ -24,16 +25,16 @@ sealed class InstanceRunningState : IDisposable {
 	
 	private bool isDisposed;
 	
-	public InstanceRunningState(InstanceContext context, InstanceConfiguration configuration, IServerLauncher launcher, InstanceTicketManager.Ticket ticket, InstanceProcess process, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+	public InstanceRunningState(InstanceContext context, InstanceInfo info, InstanceLauncher launcher, InstanceTicketManager.Ticket ticket, InstanceProcess process, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
 		this.context = context;
-		this.configuration = configuration;
+		this.info = info;
 		this.launcher = launcher;
 		this.Ticket = ticket;
 		this.Process = process;
 		this.cancellationToken = cancellationToken;
 		
 		this.logSender = new InstanceLogSender(context.Services.ControllerConnection, context.InstanceGuid, context.ShortName);
-		this.playerCountTracker = new InstancePlayerCountTracker(context, process, configuration.ServerPort);
+		this.playerCountTracker = new InstancePlayerCountTracker(context, process, info.ServerPort);
 		
 		this.backupScheduler = new BackupScheduler(context, playerCountTracker);
 		this.backupScheduler.BackupCompleted += OnScheduledBackupCompleted;
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ sealed class InstanceRunningState : IDisposable {
 		else {
 			context.Logger.Information("Session ended unexpectedly, restarting...");
 			context.ReportEvent(InstanceEvent.Crashed);
-			context.Actor.Tell(new InstanceActor.LaunchInstanceCommand(configuration, launcher, Ticket, IsRestarting: true));
+			context.Actor.Tell(new InstanceActor.LaunchInstanceCommand(info, launcher, Ticket, IsRestarting: true));
 		}
 	}
 	

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Instances/State/InstanceStopProcedure.cs

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ using Phantom.Common.Data.Minecraft;
 namespace Phantom.Agent.Services.Instances.State;
 
 static class InstanceStopProcedure {
-	private static readonly ushort[] Stops = { 60, 30, 10, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0 };
+	private static readonly ushort[] Stops = [60, 30, 10, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0];
 	
 	public static async Task<bool> Run(InstanceContext context, MinecraftStopStrategy stopStrategy, InstanceRunningState runningState, Action<IInstanceStatus> reportStatus, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
 		var process = runningState.Process;

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Phantom.Agent.Services.csproj

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
   <ItemGroup>
     <ProjectReference Include="..\..\Common\Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent\Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent.csproj" />
     <ProjectReference Include="..\Phantom.Agent.Minecraft\Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Phantom.Agent.Rpc\Phantom.Agent.Rpc.csproj" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
 </Project>

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Rpc/ControllerConnection.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent;
+using Phantom.Utils.Actor;
+using Phantom.Utils.Rpc.Message;
+
+namespace Phantom.Agent.Services.Rpc;
+
+public sealed class ControllerConnection(MessageSender<IMessageToController> sender) {
+	internal bool TrySend<TMessage>(TMessage message) where TMessage : IMessageToController {
+		return sender.TrySend(message);
+	}
+	
+	internal ValueTask Send<TMessage>(TMessage message, CancellationToken cancellationToken) where TMessage : IMessageToController {
+		return sender.Send(message, cancellationToken);
+	}
+	
+	internal Task<TReply> Send<TMessage, TReply>(TMessage message, TimeSpan waitForReplyTime, CancellationToken cancellationToken) where TMessage : IMessageToController, ICanReply<TReply> {
+		return sender.Send<TMessage, TReply>(message, waitForReplyTime, cancellationToken);
+	}
+}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Rpc/ControllerHandshake.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+using System.Collections.Immutable;
+using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent.Handshake;
+using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent.ToAgent;
+using Phantom.Utils.Logging;
+using Phantom.Utils.Rpc.Message;
+using Phantom.Utils.Rpc.Runtime;
+using Phantom.Utils.Rpc.Runtime.Client;
+using Serilog;
+
+namespace Phantom.Agent.Services.Rpc;
+
+public sealed class ControllerHandshake(AgentRegistration registration, AgentRegistrationHandler registrationHandler) : IRpcClientHandshake {
+	private const int MaxInstances = 100_000;
+	private const int MaxMessageBytes = 1024 * 1024 * 8;
+	
+	private readonly ILogger logger = PhantomLogger.Create<ControllerHandshake>();
+	
+	public async Task Perform(RpcStream stream, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+		logger.Information("Registering with the controller...");
+		
+		ReadOnlyMemory<byte> serializedRegistration = MessageSerialization.Serialize(registration);
+		await stream.WriteSignedInt(serializedRegistration.Length, cancellationToken);
+		await stream.WriteBytes(serializedRegistration, cancellationToken);
+		await stream.Flush(cancellationToken);
+		
+		if (await stream.ReadByte(cancellationToken) == 0) {
+			return;
+		}
+		
+		uint configureInstanceMessageCount = await stream.ReadUnsignedInt(cancellationToken);
+		if (configureInstanceMessageCount > MaxInstances) {
+			throw new InvalidOperationException("Trying to configure too many instances (" + configureInstanceMessageCount + " > " + MaxInstances + ").");
+		}
+		
+		var configureInstanceMessages = ImmutableArray.CreateBuilder<ConfigureInstanceMessage>();
+		
+		for (int index = 0; index < configureInstanceMessageCount; index++) {
+			int serializedMessageLength = await stream.ReadSignedInt(cancellationToken);
+			if (serializedMessageLength is < 0 or > MaxMessageBytes) {
+				throw new InvalidOperationException("Message must be between 0 and " + MaxMessageBytes + " bytes.");
+			}
+			
+			var serializedMessage = await stream.ReadBytes(serializedMessageLength, cancellationToken);
+			configureInstanceMessages.Add(MessageSerialization.Deserialize<ConfigureInstanceMessage>(serializedMessage));
+		}
+		
+		registrationHandler.OnRegistrationComplete(configureInstanceMessages.ToImmutable());
+		logger.Information("Registration complete.");
+	}
+}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Rpc/ControllerMessageHandlerActor.cs

@@ -1,86 +1,32 @@
 using Phantom.Agent.Services.Instances;
 using Phantom.Common.Data;
-using Phantom.Common.Data.Instance;
 using Phantom.Common.Data.Replies;
 using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent;
-using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent.BiDirectional;
 using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent.ToAgent;
-using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent.ToController;
 using Phantom.Utils.Actor;
-using Phantom.Utils.Logging;
-using Phantom.Utils.Rpc.Runtime;
-using Serilog;
 
 namespace Phantom.Agent.Services.Rpc;
 
 public sealed class ControllerMessageHandlerActor : ReceiveActor<IMessageToAgent> {
-	private static ILogger Logger { get; } = PhantomLogger.Create<ControllerMessageHandlerActor>();
+	public readonly record struct Init(AgentServices Agent);
-
-	public readonly record struct Init(RpcConnectionToServer<IMessageToController> Connection, AgentServices Agent, CancellationTokenSource ShutdownTokenSource);
 	
 	public static Props<IMessageToAgent> Factory(Init init) {
 		return Props<IMessageToAgent>.Create(() => new ControllerMessageHandlerActor(init), new ActorConfiguration { SupervisorStrategy = SupervisorStrategies.Resume });
 	}
 	
-	private readonly RpcConnectionToServer<IMessageToController> connection;
 	private readonly AgentServices agent;
-	private readonly CancellationTokenSource shutdownTokenSource;
 	
 	private ControllerMessageHandlerActor(Init init) {
-		this.connection = init.Connection;
 		this.agent = init.Agent;
-		this.shutdownTokenSource = init.ShutdownTokenSource;
 		
-		ReceiveAsync<RegisterAgentSuccessMessage>(HandleRegisterAgentSuccess);
-		Receive<RegisterAgentFailureMessage>(HandleRegisterAgentFailure);
 		ReceiveAndReplyLater<ConfigureInstanceMessage, Result<ConfigureInstanceResult, InstanceActionFailure>>(HandleConfigureInstance);
 		ReceiveAndReplyLater<LaunchInstanceMessage, Result<LaunchInstanceResult, InstanceActionFailure>>(HandleLaunchInstance);
 		ReceiveAndReplyLater<StopInstanceMessage, Result<StopInstanceResult, InstanceActionFailure>>(HandleStopInstance);
 		ReceiveAndReplyLater<SendCommandToInstanceMessage, Result<SendCommandToInstanceResult, InstanceActionFailure>>(HandleSendCommandToInstance);
-		Receive<ReplyMessage>(HandleReply);
-	}
-
-	private async Task HandleRegisterAgentSuccess(RegisterAgentSuccessMessage message) {
-		Logger.Information("Agent authentication successful.");
-
-		void ShutdownAfterConfigurationFailed(Guid instanceGuid, InstanceConfiguration configuration) {
-			Logger.Fatal("Unable to configure instance \"{Name}\" (GUID {Guid}), shutting down.", configuration.InstanceName, instanceGuid);
-			shutdownTokenSource.Cancel();
-		}
-		
-		foreach (var configureInstanceMessage in message.InitialInstanceConfigurations) {
-			var result = await HandleConfigureInstance(configureInstanceMessage, alwaysReportStatus: true);
-			if (!result.Is(ConfigureInstanceResult.Success)) {
-				ShutdownAfterConfigurationFailed(configureInstanceMessage.InstanceGuid, configureInstanceMessage.Configuration);
-				return;
-			}
-		}
-
-		connection.SetIsReady();
-		
-		await connection.Send(new AdvertiseJavaRuntimesMessage(agent.JavaRuntimeRepository.All));
-		agent.InstanceTicketManager.RefreshAgentStatus();
-	}
-
-	private void HandleRegisterAgentFailure(RegisterAgentFailureMessage message) {
-		string errorMessage = message.FailureKind switch {
-			RegisterAgentFailure.ConnectionAlreadyHasAnAgent => "This connection already has an associated agent.",
-			RegisterAgentFailure.InvalidToken                => "Invalid token.",
-			_                                                => "Unknown error " + (byte) message.FailureKind + "."
-		};
-
-		Logger.Fatal("Agent authentication failed: {Error}", errorMessage);
-		
-		PhantomLogger.Dispose();
-		Environment.Exit(1);
-	}
-	
-	private Task<Result<ConfigureInstanceResult, InstanceActionFailure>> HandleConfigureInstance(ConfigureInstanceMessage message, bool alwaysReportStatus) {
-		return agent.InstanceManager.Request(new InstanceManagerActor.ConfigureInstanceCommand(message.InstanceGuid, message.Configuration, message.LaunchProperties, message.LaunchNow, alwaysReportStatus));
 	}
 	
 	private async Task<Result<ConfigureInstanceResult, InstanceActionFailure>> HandleConfigureInstance(ConfigureInstanceMessage message) {
-		return await HandleConfigureInstance(message, alwaysReportStatus: false);
+		return await agent.InstanceManager.Request(new InstanceManagerActor.ConfigureInstanceCommand(message.InstanceGuid, message.Info, message.LaunchRecipe, message.LaunchNow, AlwaysReportStatus: false));
 	}
 	
 	private async Task<Result<LaunchInstanceResult, InstanceActionFailure>> HandleLaunchInstance(LaunchInstanceMessage message) {
@@ -94,8 +40,4 @@ public sealed class ControllerMessageHandlerActor : ReceiveActor<IMessageToAgent
 	private async Task<Result<SendCommandToInstanceResult, InstanceActionFailure>> HandleSendCommandToInstance(SendCommandToInstanceMessage message) {
 		return await agent.InstanceManager.Request(new InstanceManagerActor.SendCommandToInstanceCommand(message.InstanceGuid, message.Command));
 	}
-
-	private void HandleReply(ReplyMessage message) {
-		connection.Receive(message);
-	}
 }

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Rpc/ControllerMessageReceiver.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent;
+using Phantom.Utils.Actor;
+using Phantom.Utils.Rpc.Message;
+
+namespace Phantom.Agent.Services.Rpc;
+
+public sealed class ControllerMessageReceiver(ActorRef<IMessageToAgent> actor, AgentRegistrationHandler agentRegistrationHandler) : IMessageReceiver<IMessageToAgent>.Actor(actor) {
+	public override void OnSessionRestarted() {
+		agentRegistrationHandler.OnNewSession();
+	}
+}

Agent/Phantom.Agent.Services/Rpc/ControllerSendQueue.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+using System.Threading.Channels;
+using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent;
+using Phantom.Utils.Logging;
+using Serilog;
+
+namespace Phantom.Agent.Services.Rpc;
+
+sealed class ControllerSendQueue<TMessage> where TMessage : IMessageToController {
+	private readonly ILogger logger;
+	private readonly Channel<TMessage> channel;
+	private readonly Task sendTask;
+	private readonly CancellationTokenSource shutdownTokenSource = new ();
+	
+	public ControllerSendQueue(ControllerConnection controllerConnection, string loggerName, int capacity, bool singleWriter) {
+		this.logger = PhantomLogger.Create<ControllerSendQueue<TMessage>>(loggerName);
+		
+		this.channel = Channel.CreateBounded<TMessage>(new BoundedChannelOptions(capacity) {
+			AllowSynchronousContinuations = false,
+			FullMode = BoundedChannelFullMode.DropOldest,
+			SingleReader = true,
+			SingleWriter = singleWriter,
+		});
+		
+		this.sendTask = Send(controllerConnection, shutdownTokenSource.Token);
+	}
+	
+	private async Task Send(ControllerConnection controllerConnection, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+		await foreach (var message in channel.Reader.ReadAllAsync(cancellationToken)) {
+			await controllerConnection.Send(message, cancellationToken);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	public void Enqueue(TMessage message) {
+		channel.Writer.TryWrite(message);
+	}
+	
+	public async Task Shutdown(TimeSpan gracefulTimeout) {
+		channel.Writer.TryComplete();
+		
+		try {
+			await sendTask.WaitAsync(gracefulTimeout);
+		} catch (TimeoutException) {
+			logger.Warning("Timed out waiting for queue to finish processing.");
+		} catch (Exception) {
+			// Ignore.
+		}
+		
+		await shutdownTokenSource.CancelAsync();
+		await sendTask.ConfigureAwait(ConfigureAwaitOptions.SuppressThrowing);
+		
+		shutdownTokenSource.Dispose();
+	}
+}

Agent/Phantom.Agent/AgentKey.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-using NetMQ;
+using System.Text;
 using Phantom.Common.Data;
 using Phantom.Utils.Cryptography;
 using Phantom.Utils.IO;
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ namespace Phantom.Agent;
 static class AgentKey {
 	private static ILogger Logger { get; } = PhantomLogger.Create(nameof(AgentKey));
 	
-	public static Task<(NetMQCertificate, AuthToken)?> Load(string? agentKeyToken, string? agentKeyFilePath) {
+	public static Task<ConnectionKey?> Load(string? agentKeyToken, string? agentKeyFilePath) {
 		if (agentKeyFilePath != null) {
 			return LoadFromFile(agentKeyFilePath);
 		}
@@ -22,18 +22,19 @@ static class AgentKey {
 		}
 	}
 	
-	private static async Task<(NetMQCertificate, AuthToken)?> LoadFromFile(string agentKeyFilePath) {
+	private static async Task<ConnectionKey?> LoadFromFile(string agentKeyFilePath) {
 		if (!File.Exists(agentKeyFilePath)) {
 			Logger.Fatal("Missing agent key file: {AgentKeyFilePath}", agentKeyFilePath);
 			return null;
 		}
 		
 		try {
-			Files.RequireMaximumFileSize(agentKeyFilePath, 64);
+			Files.RequireMaximumFileSize(agentKeyFilePath, maximumBytes: 128);
-			return LoadFromBytes(await File.ReadAllBytesAsync(agentKeyFilePath));
+			string[] lines = await File.ReadAllLinesAsync(agentKeyFilePath, Encoding.UTF8);
+			return LoadFromToken(lines[0]);
 		} catch (IOException e) {
 			Logger.Fatal("Error loading agent key from file: {AgentKeyFilePath}", agentKeyFilePath);
-			Logger.Fatal(e.Message);
+			Logger.Fatal("{Message}", e.Message);
 			return null;
 		} catch (Exception) {
 			Logger.Fatal("File does not contain a valid agent key: {AgentKeyFilePath}", agentKeyFilePath);
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ static class AgentKey {
 		}
 	}
 	
-	private static (NetMQCertificate, AuthToken)? LoadFromToken(string agentKey) {
+	private static ConnectionKey? LoadFromToken(string agentKey) {
 		try {
 			return LoadFromBytes(TokenGenerator.DecodeBytes(agentKey));
 		} catch (Exception) {
@@ -50,11 +51,9 @@ static class AgentKey {
 		}
 	}
 	
-	private static (NetMQCertificate, AuthToken)? LoadFromBytes(byte[] agentKey) {
+	private static ConnectionKey? LoadFromBytes(byte[] agentKey) {
-		var (publicKey, agentToken) = ConnectionCommonKey.FromBytes(agentKey);
+		var connectionKey = ConnectionKey.FromBytes(agentKey);
-		var controllerCertificate = NetMQCertificate.FromPublicKey(publicKey);
-		
 		Logger.Information("Loaded agent key.");
-		return (controllerCertificate, agentToken);
+		return connectionKey;
 	}
 }

Agent/Phantom.Agent/GuidFile.cs

@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-using System.Text;
-using Phantom.Utils.IO;
-using Phantom.Utils.Logging;
-using Serilog;
-
-namespace Phantom.Agent;
-
-static class GuidFile {
-	private static ILogger Logger { get; } = PhantomLogger.Create(nameof(GuidFile));
-
-	private const string GuidFileName = "agent.guid";
-	
-	public static async Task<Guid?> CreateOrLoad(string folderPath) {
-		string filePath = Path.Combine(folderPath, GuidFileName);
-
-		if (File.Exists(filePath)) {
-			try {
-				var guid = await LoadGuidFromFile(filePath);
-				Logger.Information("Loaded existing agent GUID file.");
-				return guid;
-			} catch (Exception e) {
-				Logger.Fatal("Error reading agent GUID file: {Message}", e.Message);
-				return null;
-			}
-		}
-		
-		Logger.Information("Creating agent GUID file: {FilePath}", filePath);
-
-		try {
-			var guid = Guid.NewGuid();
-			await File.WriteAllTextAsync(filePath, guid.ToString(), Encoding.ASCII);
-			return guid;
-		} catch (Exception e) {
-			Logger.Fatal("Error creating agent GUID file: {Message}", e.Message);
-			return null;
-		}
-	}
-	
-	private static async Task<Guid> LoadGuidFromFile(string filePath) {
-		Files.RequireMaximumFileSize(filePath, 128);
-		string contents = await File.ReadAllTextAsync(filePath, Encoding.ASCII);
-		return Guid.Parse(contents.Trim());
-	}
-}

Agent/Phantom.Agent/Program.cs

@@ -1,17 +1,16 @@
 using System.Reflection;
-using NetMQ;
 using Phantom.Agent;
-using Phantom.Agent.Rpc;
+using Phantom.Agent.Minecraft.Java;
 using Phantom.Agent.Services;
 using Phantom.Agent.Services.Rpc;
 using Phantom.Common.Data.Agent;
 using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent;
-using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent.ToController;
+using Phantom.Common.Messages.Agent.Handshake;
 using Phantom.Utils.Actor;
 using Phantom.Utils.Logging;
-using Phantom.Utils.Rpc;
+using Phantom.Utils.Rpc.Runtime.Client;
-using Phantom.Utils.Rpc.Sockets;
 using Phantom.Utils.Runtime;
+using Phantom.Utils.Threading;
 
 const int ProtocolVersion = 1;
 
@@ -31,7 +30,7 @@ try {
 	PhantomLogger.Root.InformationHeading("Initializing Phantom Panel agent...");
 	PhantomLogger.Root.Information("Agent version: {Version}", fullVersion);
 	
-	var (controllerHost, controllerPort, javaSearchPath, agentKeyToken, agentKeyFilePath, agentName, maxInstances, maxMemory, allowedServerPorts, allowedRconPorts, maxConcurrentBackupCompressionTasks) = Variables.LoadOrStop();
+	var (controllerHost, controllerPort, javaSearchPath, agentKeyToken, agentKeyFilePath, maxInstances, maxMemory, allowedServerPorts, allowedRconPorts, maxConcurrentBackupCompressionTasks) = Variables.LoadOrStop();
 	
 	var agentKey = await AgentKey.Load(agentKeyToken, agentKeyFilePath);
 	if (agentKey == null) {
@@ -43,38 +42,48 @@ try {
 		return 1;
 	}
 	
-	var agentGuid = await GuidFile.CreateOrLoad(folders.DataFolderPath);
+	var agentInfo = new AgentInfo(ProtocolVersion, fullVersion, maxInstances, maxMemory, allowedServerPorts, allowedRconPorts);
-	if (agentGuid == null) {
+	var javaRuntimeRepository = await JavaRuntimeDiscovery.Scan(folders.JavaSearchFolderPath, shutdownCancellationToken);
+	
+	var agentRegistrationHandler = new AgentRegistrationHandler();
+	var controllerHandshake = new ControllerHandshake(new AgentRegistration(agentInfo, javaRuntimeRepository.All), agentRegistrationHandler);
+	
+	var rpcClientConnectionParameters = new RpcClientConnectionParameters(
+		Host: controllerHost,
+		Port: controllerPort,
+		DistinguishedName: "phantom-controller",
+		CertificateThumbprint: agentKey.Value.CertificateThumbprint,
+		AuthToken: agentKey.Value.AuthToken,
+		Handshake: controllerHandshake,
+		MessageQueueCapacity: 250,
+		FrameQueueCapacity: 500,
+		MaxConcurrentlyHandledMessages: 50
+	);
+	
+	using var rpcClient = await RpcClient<IMessageToController, IMessageToAgent>.Connect("Controller", rpcClientConnectionParameters, AgentMessageRegistries.Registries, shutdownCancellationToken);
+	if (rpcClient == null) {
+		PhantomLogger.Root.Fatal("Could not connect to Phantom Controller, shutting down.");
 		return 1;
 	}
 	
-	var (controllerCertificate, agentToken) = agentKey.Value;
+	try {
-	var agentInfo = new AgentInfo(agentGuid.Value, agentName, ProtocolVersion, fullVersion, maxInstances, maxMemory, allowedServerPorts, allowedRconPorts);
-	
 		PhantomLogger.Root.InformationHeading("Launching Phantom Panel agent...");
 		
-	var rpcConfiguration = new RpcConfiguration("Agent", controllerHost, controllerPort, controllerCertificate);
+		var agentServices = new AgentServices(agentInfo, folders, new AgentServiceConfiguration(maxConcurrentBackupCompressionTasks), new ControllerConnection(rpcClient.MessageSender), javaRuntimeRepository);
-	var rpcSocket = RpcClientSocket.Connect(rpcConfiguration, AgentMessageRegistries.Definitions, new RegisterAgentMessage(agentToken, agentInfo));
 		
-	var agentServices = new AgentServices(agentInfo, folders, new AgentServiceConfiguration(maxConcurrentBackupCompressionTasks), new ControllerConnection(rpcSocket.Connection));
+		var rpcMessageHandlerInit = new ControllerMessageHandlerActor.Init(agentServices);
-	await agentServices.Initialize();
-
-	var rpcMessageHandlerInit = new ControllerMessageHandlerActor.Init(rpcSocket.Connection, agentServices, shutdownCancellationTokenSource);
 		var rpcMessageHandlerActor = agentServices.ActorSystem.ActorOf(ControllerMessageHandlerActor.Factory(rpcMessageHandlerInit), "ControllerMessageHandler");
 		
-	var rpcDisconnectSemaphore = new SemaphoreSlim(0, 1);
+		rpcClient.StartListening(new ControllerMessageReceiver(rpcMessageHandlerActor, agentRegistrationHandler));
-	var rpcTask = RpcClientRuntime.Launch(rpcSocket, rpcMessageHandlerActor, rpcDisconnectSemaphore, shutdownCancellationToken);
+		
-	try {
+		if (await agentRegistrationHandler.Start(agentServices, shutdownCancellationToken)) {
-		await rpcTask.WaitAsync(shutdownCancellationToken);
+			PhantomLogger.Root.Information("Phantom Panel agent is ready.");
-	} finally {
+			await shutdownCancellationToken.WaitHandle.WaitOneAsync();
-		shutdownCancellationTokenSource.Cancel();
+		}
+		
 		await agentServices.Shutdown();
-
+	} finally {
-		rpcDisconnectSemaphore.Release();
+		await rpcClient.Shutdown();
-		await rpcTask;
-		rpcDisconnectSemaphore.Dispose();
-		
-		NetMQConfig.Cleanup();
 	}
 	
 	return 0;

Agent/Phantom.Agent/Variables.cs

@@ -11,11 +11,10 @@ sealed record Variables(
 	string JavaSearchPath,
 	string? AgentKeyToken,
 	string? AgentKeyFilePath,
-	string AgentName,
 	ushort MaxInstances,
 	RamAllocationUnits MaxMemory,
 	AllowedPorts AllowedServerPorts,
-	AllowedPorts AllowedRconPorts,
+	AllowedPorts AllowedAdditionalPorts,
 	ushort MaxConcurrentBackupCompressionTasks
 ) {
 	private static Variables LoadOrThrow() {
@@ -28,11 +27,10 @@ sealed record Variables(
 			javaSearchPath,
 			agentKeyToken,
 			agentKeyFilePath,
-			EnvironmentVariables.GetString("AGENT_NAME").Require,
 			(ushort) EnvironmentVariables.GetInteger("MAX_INSTANCES", min: 1, max: 10000).Require,
 			EnvironmentVariables.GetString("MAX_MEMORY").MapParse(RamAllocationUnits.FromString).Require,
 			EnvironmentVariables.GetString("ALLOWED_SERVER_PORTS").MapParse(AllowedPorts.FromString).Require,
-			EnvironmentVariables.GetString("ALLOWED_RCON_PORTS").MapParse(AllowedPorts.FromString).Require,
+			EnvironmentVariables.GetString("ALLOWED_ADDITIONAL_PORTS").MapParse(AllowedPorts.FromString).Require,
 			(ushort) EnvironmentVariables.GetInteger("MAX_CONCURRENT_BACKUP_COMPRESSION_TASKS", min: 1, max: 10000).WithDefault(1)
 		);
 	}
@@ -45,7 +43,7 @@ sealed record Variables(
 		try {
 			return LoadOrThrow();
 		} catch (Exception e) {
-			PhantomLogger.Root.Fatal(e.Message);
+			PhantomLogger.Root.Fatal("{}", e.Message);
 			throw StopProcedureException.Instance;
 		}
 	}

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Tests/RamAllocationUnitsTests.cs

@@ -67,22 +67,22 @@ public sealed class RamAllocationUnitsTests {
 			Assert.That(CallFromString("123A5M"), Throws.Exception.TypeOf<ArgumentOutOfRangeException>().With.Message.StartsWith("Must begin with a number."));
 		}
 		
-		[TestCase("0m", 0)]
+		[TestCase("0m", arg2: 0)]
-		[TestCase("256m", 256)]
+		[TestCase("256m", arg2: 256)]
-		[TestCase("256M", 256)]
+		[TestCase("256M", arg2: 256)]
-		[TestCase("512M", 512)]
+		[TestCase("512M", arg2: 512)]
-		[TestCase("65536M", 65536)]
+		[TestCase("65536M", arg2: 65536)]
 		[TestCase("16776960M", 16777216 - 256)]
 		public void ValidDefinitionInMegabytesIsParsedCorrectly(string definition, int megabytes) {
 			Assert.That(RamAllocationUnits.FromString(definition).InMegabytes, Is.EqualTo(megabytes));
 		}
 		
-		[TestCase("0g", 0)]
+		[TestCase("0g", arg2: 0)]
-		[TestCase("1g", 1024)]
+		[TestCase("1g", arg2: 1024)]
-		[TestCase("1G", 1024)]
+		[TestCase("1G", arg2: 1024)]
-		[TestCase("8G", 8192)]
+		[TestCase("8G", arg2: 8192)]
-		[TestCase("64G", 65536)]
+		[TestCase("64G", arg2: 65536)]
-		[TestCase("16383G", 16776192)]
+		[TestCase("16383G", arg2: 16776192)]
 		public void ValidDefinitionInGigabytesIsParsedCorrectly(string definition, int megabytes) {
 			Assert.That(RamAllocationUnits.FromString(definition).InMegabytes, Is.EqualTo(megabytes));
 		}

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Agent/Agent.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-using MemoryPack;
+using System.Collections.Immutable;
+using MemoryPack;
 using Phantom.Common.Data.Agent;
 
 namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Agent;
@@ -7,9 +8,11 @@ namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Agent;
 public sealed partial record Agent(
 	[property: MemoryPackOrder(0)] Guid AgentGuid,
 	[property: MemoryPackOrder(1)] AgentConfiguration Configuration,
-	[property: MemoryPackOrder(2)] AgentStats? Stats,
+	[property: MemoryPackOrder(2)] ImmutableArray<byte> ConnectionKey,
-	[property: MemoryPackOrder(3)] IAgentConnectionStatus ConnectionStatus
+	[property: MemoryPackOrder(3)] AgentRuntimeInfo RuntimeInfo,
+	[property: MemoryPackOrder(4)] AgentStats? Stats,
+	[property: MemoryPackOrder(5)] IAgentConnectionStatus ConnectionStatus
 ) {
 	[MemoryPackIgnore]
-	public RamAllocationUnits? AvailableMemory => Configuration.MaxMemory - Stats?.RunningInstanceMemory;
+	public RamAllocationUnits? AvailableMemory => RuntimeInfo.MaxMemory - Stats?.RunningInstanceMemory;
 }

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Agent/AgentConfiguration.cs

@@ -1,19 +1,8 @@
 using MemoryPack;
-using Phantom.Common.Data.Agent;
 
 namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Agent;
 
 [MemoryPackable(GenerateType.VersionTolerant)]
 public sealed partial record AgentConfiguration(
-	[property: MemoryPackOrder(0)] string AgentName,
+	[property: MemoryPackOrder(0)] string AgentName
-	[property: MemoryPackOrder(1)] ushort ProtocolVersion,
+);
-	[property: MemoryPackOrder(2)] string BuildVersion,
-	[property: MemoryPackOrder(3)] ushort MaxInstances,
-	[property: MemoryPackOrder(4)] RamAllocationUnits MaxMemory,
-	[property: MemoryPackOrder(5)] AllowedPorts? AllowedServerPorts = null,
-	[property: MemoryPackOrder(6)] AllowedPorts? AllowedRconPorts = null
-) {
-	public static AgentConfiguration From(AgentInfo agentInfo) {
-		return new AgentConfiguration(agentInfo.AgentName, agentInfo.ProtocolVersion, agentInfo.BuildVersion, agentInfo.MaxInstances, agentInfo.MaxMemory, agentInfo.AllowedServerPorts, agentInfo.AllowedRconPorts);
-	}
-}

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Agent/AgentRuntimeInfo.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+using MemoryPack;
+using Phantom.Common.Data.Agent;
+
+namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Agent;
+
+[MemoryPackable(GenerateType.VersionTolerant)]
+public sealed partial record AgentRuntimeInfo(
+	[property: MemoryPackOrder(0)] AgentVersionInfo? VersionInfo = null,
+	[property: MemoryPackOrder(1)] ushort? MaxInstances = null,
+	[property: MemoryPackOrder(2)] RamAllocationUnits? MaxMemory = null,
+	[property: MemoryPackOrder(3)] AllowedPorts? AllowedServerPorts = null,
+	[property: MemoryPackOrder(4)] AllowedPorts? AllowedAdditionalPorts = null
+) {
+	public static AgentRuntimeInfo From(AgentInfo agentInfo) {
+		return new AgentRuntimeInfo(new AgentVersionInfo(agentInfo.ProtocolVersion, agentInfo.BuildVersion), agentInfo.MaxInstances, agentInfo.MaxMemory, agentInfo.AllowedServerPorts, agentInfo.AllowedAdditionalPorts);
+	}
+}

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Agent/AgentVersionInfo.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+using MemoryPack;
+
+namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Agent;
+
+[MemoryPackable(GenerateType.VersionTolerant)]
+public readonly partial record struct AgentVersionInfo(
+	[property: MemoryPackOrder(0)] ushort ProtocolVersion,
+	[property: MemoryPackOrder(1)] string BuildVersion
+);

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Agent/CreateOrUpdateAgentResult.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Agent;
+
+public enum CreateOrUpdateAgentResult : byte {
+	UnknownError,
+	Success,
+	AgentNameMustNotBeEmpty,
+}
+
+public static class CreateOrUpdateAgentResultExtensions {
+	public static string ToSentence(this CreateOrUpdateAgentResult reason) {
+		return reason switch {
+			CreateOrUpdateAgentResult.Success                 => "Success.",
+			CreateOrUpdateAgentResult.AgentNameMustNotBeEmpty => "Agent name must not be empty.",
+			_                                                 => "Unknown error.",
+		};
+	}
+}

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Agent/IAgentConnectionStatus.cs

@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@
 namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Agent;
 
 [MemoryPackable]
-[MemoryPackUnion(0, typeof(AgentIsOffline))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 0, typeof(AgentIsOffline))]
-[MemoryPackUnion(1, typeof(AgentIsDisconnected))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 1, typeof(AgentIsDisconnected))]
-[MemoryPackUnion(2, typeof(AgentIsOnline))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 2, typeof(AgentIsOnline))]
-public partial interface IAgentConnectionStatus {}
+public partial interface IAgentConnectionStatus;
 
 [MemoryPackable(GenerateType.VersionTolerant)]
 public sealed partial record AgentIsOffline : IAgentConnectionStatus;

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/AuditLog/AuditLogEventType.cs

@@ -9,11 +9,13 @@ public enum AuditLogEventType {
 	UserPasswordChanged,
 	UserRolesChanged,
 	UserDeleted,
+	AgentCreated,
+	AgentEdited,
 	InstanceCreated,
 	InstanceEdited,
 	InstanceLaunched,
 	InstanceStopped,
-	InstanceCommandExecuted
+	InstanceCommandExecuted,
 }
 
 public static class AuditLogEventTypeExtensions {
@@ -26,11 +28,13 @@ public static class AuditLogEventTypeExtensions {
 		{ AuditLogEventType.UserPasswordChanged,       AuditLogSubjectType.User },
 		{ AuditLogEventType.UserRolesChanged,          AuditLogSubjectType.User },
 		{ AuditLogEventType.UserDeleted,               AuditLogSubjectType.User },
+		{ AuditLogEventType.AgentCreated,              AuditLogSubjectType.Agent },
+		{ AuditLogEventType.AgentEdited,               AuditLogSubjectType.Agent },
 		{ AuditLogEventType.InstanceCreated,           AuditLogSubjectType.Instance },
 		{ AuditLogEventType.InstanceEdited,            AuditLogSubjectType.Instance },
 		{ AuditLogEventType.InstanceLaunched,          AuditLogSubjectType.Instance },
 		{ AuditLogEventType.InstanceStopped,           AuditLogSubjectType.Instance },
-		{ AuditLogEventType.InstanceCommandExecuted,   AuditLogSubjectType.Instance }
+		{ AuditLogEventType.InstanceCommandExecuted,   AuditLogSubjectType.Instance },
 	};
 	
 	static AuditLogEventTypeExtensions() {

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/AuditLog/AuditLogSubjectType.cs

@@ -2,5 +2,6 @@
 
 public enum AuditLogSubjectType {
 	User,
-	Instance
+	Agent,
+	Instance,
 }

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/EventLog/EventLogEventType.cs

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ public enum EventLogEventType {
 	InstanceStopped,
 	InstanceBackupSucceeded,
 	InstanceBackupSucceededWithWarnings,
-	InstanceBackupFailed
+	InstanceBackupFailed,
 }
 
 public static class EventLogEventTypeExtensions {
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ public static class EventLogEventTypeExtensions {
 		{ EventLogEventType.InstanceStopped, EventLogSubjectType.Instance },
 		{ EventLogEventType.InstanceBackupSucceeded, EventLogSubjectType.Instance },
 		{ EventLogEventType.InstanceBackupSucceededWithWarnings, EventLogSubjectType.Instance },
-		{ EventLogEventType.InstanceBackupFailed, EventLogSubjectType.Instance }
+		{ EventLogEventType.InstanceBackupFailed, EventLogSubjectType.Instance },
 	};
 	
 	static EventLogEventTypeExtensions() {

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/EventLog/EventLogSubjectType.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.EventLog;
 
 public enum EventLogSubjectType {
-	Instance
+	Instance,
 }

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Instance/CreateOrUpdateInstanceResult.cs

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ public enum CreateOrUpdateInstanceResult : byte {
 	InstanceNameMustNotBeEmpty,
 	InstanceMemoryMustNotBeZero,
 	MinecraftVersionDownloadInfoNotFound,
-	AgentNotFound
+	AgentNotFound,
 }
 
 public static class CreateOrUpdateInstanceResultExtensions {
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ public static class CreateOrUpdateInstanceResultExtensions {
 			CreateOrUpdateInstanceResult.InstanceMemoryMustNotBeZero          => "Memory must not be 0 MB.",
 			CreateOrUpdateInstanceResult.MinecraftVersionDownloadInfoNotFound => "Could not find download information for the selected Minecraft version.",
 			CreateOrUpdateInstanceResult.AgentNotFound                        => "Agent not found.",
-			_                                                                 => "Unknown error."
+			_                                                                 => "Unknown error.",
 		};
 	}
 }

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Instance/Instance.cs

@@ -8,9 +8,10 @@ public sealed partial record Instance(
 	[property: MemoryPackOrder(0)] Guid InstanceGuid,
 	[property: MemoryPackOrder(1)] InstanceConfiguration Configuration,
 	[property: MemoryPackOrder(2)] IInstanceStatus Status,
-	[property: MemoryPackOrder(3)] bool LaunchAutomatically
+	[property: MemoryPackOrder(3)] InstancePlayerCounts? PlayerCounts,
+	[property: MemoryPackOrder(4)] bool LaunchAutomatically
 ) {
 	public static Instance Offline(Guid instanceGuid, InstanceConfiguration configuration, bool launchAutomatically = false) {
-		return new Instance(instanceGuid, configuration, InstanceStatus.Offline, launchAutomatically);
+		return new Instance(instanceGuid, configuration, InstanceStatus.Offline, PlayerCounts: null, launchAutomatically);
 	}
 }

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Minecraft/JvmArgumentsHelper.cs

@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@ namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Minecraft;
 
 public static class JvmArgumentsHelper {
 	public static ImmutableArray<string> Split(string arguments) {
-		return arguments.Split('\n', StringSplitOptions.TrimEntries | StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries).ToImmutableArray();
+		return [..arguments.Split(separator: '\n', StringSplitOptions.TrimEntries | StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries)];
 	}
 	
 	public static string Join(ImmutableArray<string> arguments) {
-		return string.Join('\n', arguments);
+		return string.Join(separator: '\n', arguments);
 	}
 	
 	public static ValidationError? Validate(string arguments) {
@@ -35,6 +35,6 @@ public static class JvmArgumentsHelper {
 	public enum ValidationError {
 		InvalidFormat,
 		XmxNotAllowed,
-		XmsNotAllowed
+		XmsNotAllowed,
 	}
 }

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Users/AddRoleError.cs

@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ public enum AddRoleError : byte {
 	NameIsEmpty,
 	NameIsTooLong,
 	NameAlreadyExists,
-	UnknownError
+	UnknownError,
 }

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Users/AddUserError.cs

@@ -1,19 +1,16 @@
 using System.Collections.Immutable;
 using MemoryPack;
-using Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users.AddUserErrors;
 
-namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users {
+namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users;
+
 [MemoryPackable]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(0, typeof(NameIsInvalid))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 0, typeof(NameIsInvalid))]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(1, typeof(PasswordIsInvalid))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 1, typeof(PasswordIsInvalid))]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(2, typeof(NameAlreadyExists))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 2, typeof(NameAlreadyExists))]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(3, typeof(UnknownError))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 3, typeof(UnknownError))]
 public abstract partial record AddUserError {
-		internal AddUserError() {}
+	private AddUserError() {}
-	}
-}
 	
-namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users.AddUserErrors {
 	[MemoryPackable(GenerateType.VersionTolerant)]
 	public sealed partial record NameIsInvalid([property: MemoryPackOrder(0)] UsernameRequirementViolation Violation) : AddUserError;
 	

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Users/CreateOrUpdateAdministratorUserResult.cs

@@ -1,19 +1,16 @@
 using MemoryPack;
-using Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users.CreateOrUpdateAdministratorUserResults;
 
-namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users {
+namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users;
+
 [MemoryPackable]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(0, typeof(Success))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 0, typeof(Success))]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(1, typeof(CreationFailed))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 1, typeof(CreationFailed))]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(2, typeof(UpdatingFailed))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 2, typeof(UpdatingFailed))]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(3, typeof(AddingToRoleFailed))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 3, typeof(AddingToRoleFailed))]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(4, typeof(UnknownError))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 4, typeof(UnknownError))]
 public abstract partial record CreateOrUpdateAdministratorUserResult {
-		internal CreateOrUpdateAdministratorUserResult() {}
+	private CreateOrUpdateAdministratorUserResult() {}
-	}
-}
 	
-namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users.CreateOrUpdateAdministratorUserResults {
 	[MemoryPackable(GenerateType.VersionTolerant)]
 	public sealed partial record Success([property: MemoryPackOrder(0)] UserInfo User) : CreateOrUpdateAdministratorUserResult;
 	

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Users/CreateUserResult.cs

@@ -1,17 +1,14 @@
 using MemoryPack;
-using Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users.CreateUserResults;
 
-namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users {
+namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users;
+
 [MemoryPackable]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(0, typeof(Success))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 0, typeof(Success))]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(1, typeof(CreationFailed))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 1, typeof(CreationFailed))]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(2, typeof(UnknownError))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 2, typeof(UnknownError))]
 public abstract partial record CreateUserResult {
-		internal CreateUserResult() {}
+	private CreateUserResult() {}
-	}
-}
 	
-namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users.CreateUserResults {
 	[MemoryPackable(GenerateType.VersionTolerant)]
 	public sealed partial record Success([property: MemoryPackOrder(0)] UserInfo User) : CreateUserResult;
 	

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Users/DeleteUserResult.cs

@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@
 public enum DeleteUserResult : byte {
 	Deleted,
 	NotFound,
-	Failed
+	Failed,
 }

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Users/PasswordRequirementViolation.cs

@@ -1,18 +1,15 @@
 using MemoryPack;
-using Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users.PasswordRequirementViolations;
 
-namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users {
+namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users;
+
 [MemoryPackable]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(0, typeof(TooShort))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 0, typeof(TooShort))]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(1, typeof(MustContainLowercaseLetter))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 1, typeof(MustContainLowercaseLetter))]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(2, typeof(MustContainUppercaseLetter))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 2, typeof(MustContainUppercaseLetter))]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(3, typeof(MustContainDigit))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 3, typeof(MustContainDigit))]
 public abstract partial record PasswordRequirementViolation {
-		internal PasswordRequirementViolation() {}
+	private PasswordRequirementViolation() {}
-	}
-}
 	
-namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users.PasswordRequirementViolations {
 	[MemoryPackable(GenerateType.VersionTolerant)]
 	public sealed partial record TooShort([property: MemoryPackOrder(0)] int MinimumLength) : PasswordRequirementViolation;
 	

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Users/Permission.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users;
 
 public sealed record Permission(string Id, Permission? Parent) {
-	private static readonly List<Permission> AllPermissions = new ();
+	private static readonly List<Permission> AllPermissions = [];
 	public static IEnumerable<Permission> All => AllPermissions;
 	
 	private static Permission Register(string id, Permission? parent = null) {

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Users/SetUserPasswordError.cs

@@ -1,18 +1,15 @@
 using System.Collections.Immutable;
 using MemoryPack;
-using Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users.SetUserPasswordErrors;
 
-namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users {
+namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users;
+
 [MemoryPackable]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(0, typeof(UserNotFound))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 0, typeof(UserNotFound))]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(1, typeof(PasswordIsInvalid))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 1, typeof(PasswordIsInvalid))]
-	[MemoryPackUnion(2, typeof(UnknownError))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 2, typeof(UnknownError))]
 public abstract partial record SetUserPasswordError {
-		internal SetUserPasswordError() {}
+	private SetUserPasswordError() {}
-	}
-}
 	
-namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users.SetUserPasswordErrors {
 	[MemoryPackable(GenerateType.VersionTolerant)]
 	public sealed partial record UserNotFound : SetUserPasswordError;
 	

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Users/UserActionFailure.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users;
 
 public enum UserActionFailure {
-	NotAuthorized
+	NotAuthorized,
 }

Common/Phantom.Common.Data.Web/Users/UserInstanceActionFailure.cs

@@ -4,22 +4,22 @@ using Phantom.Common.Data.Replies;
 namespace Phantom.Common.Data.Web.Users;
 
 [MemoryPackable]
-[MemoryPackUnion(0, typeof(OfUserActionFailure))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 0, typeof(User))]
-[MemoryPackUnion(1, typeof(OfInstanceActionFailure))]
+[MemoryPackUnion(tag: 1, typeof(Instance))]
 public abstract partial record UserInstanceActionFailure {
-	internal UserInstanceActionFailure() {}
+	private UserInstanceActionFailure() {}
+	
+	[MemoryPackable(GenerateType.VersionTolerant)]
+	public sealed partial record User([property: MemoryPackOrder(0)] UserActionFailure Failure) : UserInstanceActionFailure;
+	
+	[MemoryPackable(GenerateType.VersionTolerant)]
+	public sealed partial record Instance([property: MemoryPackOrder(0)] InstanceActionFailure Failure) : UserInstanceActionFailure;
 	
 	public static implicit operator UserInstanceActionFailure(UserActionFailure failure) {
-		return new OfUserActionFailure(failure);
+		return new User(failure);
 	}
 	
 	public static implicit operator UserInstanceActionFailure(InstanceActionFailure failure) {
-		return new OfInstanceActionFailure(failure);
+		return new Instance(failure);
 	}
 }
-
-[MemoryPackable(GenerateType.VersionTolerant)]
-public sealed partial record OfUserActionFailure([property: MemoryPackOrder(0)] UserActionFailure Failure) : UserInstanceActionFailure;
-
-[MemoryPackable(GenerateType.VersionTolerant)]
-public sealed partial record OfInstanceActionFailure([property: MemoryPackOrder(0)] InstanceActionFailure Failure) : UserInstanceActionFailure;